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The LD 50 of nicotine is 50 mg/kg for rats and 3 mg/kg for mice. 0.5–1.0 mg/kg can be a lethal dosage for adult humans, and 0.1 mg/kg for children. [19] [20] However the widely used human LD 50 estimate of 0.5–1.0 mg/kg was questioned in a 2013 review, in light of several documented cases of humans surviving much higher doses; the 2013 review suggests that the lower limit causing fatal ...
Nicotine is a hygroscopic, colorless to yellow-brown, oily liquid, that is readily soluble in alcohol, ether or light petroleum. It is miscible with water in its neutral amine base form between 60 °C and 210 °C. It is a dibasic nitrogenous base, having K b1 =1×10 −6, K b2 =1×10 −11. [ 163 ]
Green Tobacco Sickness (GTS) is a type of nicotine poisoning caused by the transdermal absorption of nicotine from the surface of tobacco plants. [1] Tobacco plants that have yet to be cured are referred to as "green tobacco". Nicotine is a water soluble chemical, therefore the risk of GTS is elevated if this chemical from the tobacco plants ...
Nicotine dependence[notes 2] is a state of substance dependence on nicotine. [3] It is a chronic, relapsing disease characterized by a compulsive craving to use the drug despite social consequences, loss of control over drug intake, and the emergence of withdrawal symptoms. [7] Tolerance is another component of drug dependence. [8]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 4 October 2024. Circumstances, mechanisms, and factors of tobacco consumption on human health "Health effects of smoking" and "Dangers of smoking" redirect here. For cannabis, see Effects of cannabis. For smoking crack cocaine, see Crack cocaine § Health issues. "Smoking and health" redirects here. For ...
An outbreak of e-cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) started in 2019 [ 3 ] among users of illegal, unregulated cannabis vaping products, [ 2 ] almost exclusively in the United States. [ 4 ] The first cases of this particular outbreak were identified in Illinois and Wisconsin in April 2019; as of 18 February 2020, a ...
About 64% reported using nicotine-containing products; 11% reported exclusive use of nicotine-containing products. [3] On September 28, 2019, the first case of vaping-associated pulmonary injury was identified in Canada. [77] A number of other probable cases have been reported in British Columbia and New Brunswick as of October 2019. [78]
Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) is a medically approved way to treat people with tobacco use disorder by taking nicotine through means other than tobacco. [ 6 ] It is used to help with quitting smoking or stopping chewing tobacco. [ 1 ][ 7 ] It increases the chance of quitting tobacco smoking by about 55%. [ 8 ]