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Breast development throughout pregnancy may result in significant Areola and Areolar gland enlargement, erectile nipples, and/or nipple sensitivity. [8] [9] A woman's breasts grow during pregnancy, typically 1 to 2 cup sizes. [10] A woman who wore a C cup bra prior to her pregnancy may need to buy an F cup or larger bra while nursing. [11]
Eclampsia is a disorder of pregnancy characterized by seizures in the setting of pre-eclampsia. [17] Most women have premonitory signs/symptoms in the hours before the initial seizure. Typically the woman develops hypertension before the onset of a convulsion (seizure). [18] Other signs and symptoms include: [19]
The Apgar score is a quick way for health professionals to evaluate the health of all newborns at 1 and 5 minutes after birth and in response to resuscitation. [1] It was originally developed in 1952 by an anesthesiologist at Columbia University, Virginia Apgar, to address the need for a standardized way to evaluate infants shortly after birth.
A precise initial diagnosis of prolonged labor based on signs and symptoms is extremely important in applying proper precautionary treatment. [4] Oxytocin infusions upon an initial amniotomy is typically used to move normal labor back on track. [4] The application of oxytocin is only effective if administered on the basis of fetal distress. [4]
They have identified that vital signs of blood pressure, and pulse, uterine position, and bleeding should be assessed every 15 minutes for the first two hours after birth. [ 1 ] [ 16 ] The temperature is then measured twice, four hours and eight hours after birth.
Fetal distress, also known as non-reassuring fetal status, is a condition during pregnancy or labor in which the fetus shows signs of inadequate oxygenation. [1] Due to its imprecision, the term "fetal distress" has fallen out of use in American obstetrics. [2] [1] [3] The term "non-reassuring fetal status" has largely replaced it. [4]
ICD-10 is the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), a medical classification list by the World Health Organization (WHO). It contains codes for diseases, signs and symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances, and external causes of injury or diseases. [1]
Bloody show or show is the passage of a small amount of blood or blood-tinged mucus through the vagina near the end of pregnancy.It is caused by thinning and dilation of the cervix, leading to detachment of the cervical mucus plug that seals the cervix during pregnancy and tearing of small cervical blood vessels, [1] and is one of the signs that labor may be imminent. [2]