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The Canada Pension Plan (CPP; French: Régime de pensions du Canada) is a contributory, earnings-related social insurance program. It is one of the two major components of Canada 's public retirement income system, the other being Old Age Security (OAS).
Old Age Security (OAS) is a monthly payment available to qualifying citizens and permanent residents of Canada who are 65 years old and older. Authorized by Section 94A of the Constitution Act of 1867, [ 1 ] the program is defined by the Old Age Security Act (R.S.C., 1985, c. O-9). [ 2 ]
The Canada Pension Plan (CPP) forms the backbone of Canada's national retirement income system. All those employed aged 18 or older (and their employers) must contribute a portion of their income (matched by their employers) into the CPP or, for Quebec residents, the Quebec Pension Plan (QPP).
Canada's demographic landscape has undergone a profound transformation in recent decades, marked by a notable shift in age distribution. [4] The proportion of seniors, defined as individuals aged 65 and over, has surpassed that of children under 15, signaling a significant demographic shift. [ 3 ]
A social insurance number (SIN) (French: numéro d'assurance sociale (NAS)) is a number issued in Canada to administer various government programs. The SIN was created in 1964 to serve as a client account number in the administration of the Canada Pension Plan and Canada's varied employment insurance programs.
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The Canada Pension Plan Investment Board (CPPIB; French: Office d'investissement du régime de pensions du Canada), operating as CPP Investments (French: Investissements RPC), is a Canadian Crown corporation established by way of the 1997 Canada Pension Plan Investment Board Act to oversee and invest the funds contributed to and held by the Canada Pension Plan (CPP).
The Assured Income for the Severely Handicapped (AISH) is a provincial program established in 1979 in Alberta, Canada, that provides financial and health related benefits to eligible adult Albertans under the age of 65, who are legally identified as having severe and permanent disabilities that seriously impede the individual's ability to earn a living. [1]