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Drive reduction theory, developed by Clark Hull in 1943, is a major theory of motivation in the behaviorist learning theory tradition. [1] "Drive" is defined as motivation that arises due to a psychological or physiological need. [2] It works as an internal stimulus that motivates an individual to sate the drive. [3]
[4] [5] The hierarchy of needs developed by Maslow is one of his most enduring contributions to psychology. [6] The hierarchy of needs remains a popular framework and tool in higher education, [7] [8] business and management training, [9] sociology research, healthcare, [10] [11] counselling [12] and social work. [13]
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According to Schunk (2012), Lev Vygotsky who was a Russian psychologist and was a major influence on the rise of constructivism, believed that self-regulation involves the coordination of cognitive processes such as planning, synthesizing and formulating concepts (Henderson & Cunningham, 1994); however, such coordination does not proceed independently of the individual's social environment and ...
Murray argued that environmental factors play a role in how psychogenic needs are displayed in behavior. He used the term "presses" to describe external influences on motivation that may influence an individual's level of a need as well as their subsequent behavior. [1] [2] The "press" of an object is what it can do for or to the subject.
Motivational states have different degrees of strength. If a state has a high degree then it is more likely to influence behavior than if it has a low degree. [4] Motivation contrasts with amotivation, which is a lack of interest in a certain activity or a resistance to it. [5]
The process of stress management is a key factor that can lead to a happy and successful life in modern society. [citation needed] Stress management provides numerous ways to manage anxiety and maintain overall well-being. There are several models of stress management, each with distinctive explanations of mechanisms for controlling stress.
In contrast, trying to trigger behavior change through something easy to do (high ability) may succeed even with average motivation. The Fogg Behavior Model (FBM) [12] is a design behavior change model introduced by BJ Fogg. This model posits that behavior is composed of three different factors: motivation, ability and a prompt. Under the FBM ...