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To detect knock, a piezoelectric knock sensor (basically a microphone) bolted to the engine block responds to unique frequencies caused by engine knock. The sensor generates a small voltage that is sent to the electronic control unit , which processes the signal to determine if, in fact, knock is occurring.
A control loop is permanently monitoring the signal of one or more knock sensors (commonly piezoelectric sensor which are able to translate vibrations into an electric signal). If the characteristic pressure peak of a knocking combustion is detected the ignition timing is retarded by steps of a few degrees.
After advancing or retarding the timing, a corresponding change in power output will usually occur. A load type dynamometer is the best way to accomplish this as the engine can be held at a steady speed and load while the timing is adjusted for maximum output. Using a knock sensor to find the correct timing is one method used to tune an engine ...
The Renix system pushed the power of the carburetor-fed 1,995 cc (122 cu in) engine from 104–120 bhp (78–89 kW). It could also be found in 2.2 L engines fitted to R21, R25, and Espace models. The Renix fuel injection and a Garrett turbocharger were used in the mid-mounted V6 powering the Renault Alpine GTA/A610 sports car.
About the Free People Nightingale Cardi. Similar to a lot of Free People clothing, this oversized cardigan has a very casual appearance with an emphasis on comfort.
As you dive into your New Year’s resolutions, taking precautions to protect yourself from a quartet of infectious diseases can lessen your odds of starting off 2025 sick.
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What made this ECU special was the use of two crank sensors and one cam sensor. The ECU used one crank sensor to count the teeth on the starter ring for its RPM signal, and the other read a pin on the back of the flywheel for TDC reference. This ECU was first seen when the 20V turbo 5-cylinder engine (RR Code) was installed into the Audi Quattro.