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Saline solution for irrigation. Normal saline (NSS, NS or N/S) is the commonly used phrase for a solution of 0.90% w/v of NaCl, 308 mOsm/L or 9.0 g per liter. Less commonly, this solution is referred to as physiological saline or isotonic saline (because it is approximately isotonic to blood serum, which makes it a physiologically normal solution).
Treatment is based on the underlying cause. [4] Correcting hyponatremia too quickly can lead to complications. [5] Rapid partial correction with 3% normal saline is only recommended in those with significant symptoms and occasionally those in whom the condition was of rapid onset.
Normal volume hypernatremia can be due to fever, extreme thirst, prolonged increased breath rate, diabetes insipidus, and from lithium among other causes. [1] High volume hypernatremia can be due to hyperaldosteronism, excessive administration of intravenous normal saline or sodium bicarbonate, or rarely from eating too much salt.
Saline solution normally contains 0.9% sodium chloride. This article walks you through application instructions based on the intended use.
Treatment is generally with intravenous normal saline and intravenous sugar solution. [2] Thiamine and measures to prevent alcohol withdrawal are also recommended. [2] Treatment of low blood potassium may also be required. [2] Those who are affected are most frequently between the ages of 20 and 60. [2]
Patients are typically given one or two 100,000 I.U. vials of ulinastatin (reconstituted in 100 ml of dextrose 5% or 100 ml of 0.9% normal saline) by intravenous infusion over the course of one hour, one to three times per day for three to five days. The dosage may be adjusted according to patients' age and the severity of symptoms. [6]
Normal saline is administered intravenously to maintain adequate volume of fluid in the body. Deferoxamine is a drug that is used in cases of serious iron poisoning. It is a chelating agent and binds to free iron in the body in order to be eliminated by the kidneys into urine. [ 8 ]
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