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For most people, recommendations are to reduce blood pressure to less than or equal to somewhere between 140/90 mmHg and 160/100 mmHg. [2] In general, for people with elevated blood pressure, attempting to achieve lower levels of blood pressure than the recommended 140/90 mmHg will create more harm than benefits, [3] in particular for older people. [4]
Adequate management of hypertension can be hampered by inadequacies in the diagnosis, treatment, or control of high blood pressure. [184] Health care providers face many obstacles to achieving blood pressure control, including resistance to taking multiple medications to reach blood pressure goals. People also face the challenges of adhering to ...
The presence of high blood pressure in diabetes is associated with a 4 fold increase in death chiefly from heart disease and strokes. [89] It has also been shown in recent epidemiological studies that variability of blood pressure, independent of mean blood pressure level, contributes to microvascular and macrovascular complications [ 90 ] in ...
Some medical conditions can increase your odds of high blood pressure. These include sleep apnea, diabetes, high cholesterol, thyroid problems, and chronic kidney disease. Medications.
Guidelines on the choice of agents and how best to step up treatment for various subgroups in hypertension (high blood pressure) have changed over time and differ between countries. A Comparison of International Guidelines on Goal Blood Pressure and Initial Therapy for Adults With Hypertension (adapted from JNC 8 guidelines [ 1 ] )
[42] [43] Hydralazine and its derivatives are also used in the treatment of severe hypertension, although they should be avoided in emergencies. [43] They are no longer indicated as first-line therapy for high blood pressure due to side effects and safety concerns, but hydralazine remains a drug of choice in gestational hypertension. [42]
Severely elevated blood pressure (equal to or greater than 180 mmHg systolic or 120 mmHg diastolic) is referred to as a hypertensive crisis (sometimes termed malignant or accelerated hypertension), due to the high risk of complications.
There are more women than men with hypertension, [19] and, although men develop hypertension earlier in life, [20] hypertension in women is less well controlled. [21] [22] The consequences of high blood pressure in women are a major public health problem and hypertension is a more important contributory factor in heart attacks in women than men ...