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Urochordata Lankester, 1877 A tunicate is an exclusively marine invertebrate animal, a member of the subphylum Tunicata ( / ˌ tj uː n ɪ ˈ k eɪ t ə / TEW -nih- KAY -tə ). This grouping is part of the Chordata , a phylum which includes all animals with dorsal nerve cords and notochords (including vertebrates ).
A chordate (/ ˈ k ɔːr d eɪ t / KOR-dayt) is a deuterostomal bilaterian animal belonging to the phylum Chordata (/ k ɔːr ˈ d eɪ t ə / kor-DAY-tə).All chordates possess, at some point during their larval or adult stages, five distinctive physical characteristics (synapomorphies) that distinguish them from other taxa.
Olfactores is a clade within the Chordata that comprises the Tunicata (Urochordata) and the Vertebrata [citation needed] (sometimes referred to as Craniata).Olfactores represent the overwhelming majority of the phylum Chordata, as the Cephalochordata are the only chordates not included in the clade.
Oikopleura is a genus of tunicates in the class Appendicularia (larvaceans). It forms a mucus house every four hours at 20 degrees Celsius. This house has a coarse mesh to keep out big particles, and a fine mesh that collects the small particles, down to the nanoplankton that includes (pelagic) bacteria.
The lancelets were traditionally seen as the sister lineage to the vertebrates; in turn, these two groups together (sometimes called Notochordata) were considered the sister group to the Tunicata (also called Urochordata and including sea squirts).
A true endoskeleton is derived from mesodermal tissue. In three phyla of animals, Chordata, Echinodermata and Porifera (), endoskeletons of various complexity are found.An endoskeleton may function purely for structural support (as in the case of Porifera), but often also serves as an attachment site for muscles and a mechanism for transmitting muscular forces as in chordates and echinoderms ...
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The Doliolida are an order of small marine chordates of the subphylum Tunicata.They are in the class Thaliacea, which also includes the salps and pyrosomes. [1] [2] The doliolid body is small, typically 1–2 mm long, and barrel-shaped; it features two wide siphons, one at the front and the other at the back end, and eight or nine circular muscle strands reminiscent of barrel bands.