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The architecture of Mesopotamia is ancient architecture of the region of the Tigris–Euphrates river system (also known as Mesopotamia), encompassing several distinct cultures and spanning a period from the 10th millennium BC (when the first permanent structures were built) to the 6th century BC.
The name derives from Tell al-'Ubaid in Southern Mesopotamia, where the earliest large excavation of Ubaid period material was conducted initially by Henry Hall and later by Leonard Woolley. [29] In South Mesopotamia the period is the earliest known period on the alluvial plain although it is likely earlier periods exist obscured under the ...
Sumerian dignitary, Uruk, circa 3300-3000 BCE. National Museum of Iraq. [3] [4] Fragment of a Bull Figurine from Uruk, c. 3000 BCEVotive sculptures in the form of small animal figurines have been found at Uruk, using a style mixing naturalistic and abstract elements in order to capture the spiritual essence of the animal, rather than depicting an entirely anatomically accurate figure.
The goddess of the Burney relief presenting a rod-and-ring symbol in each hand. Mesopotamian deity sitting on a stool, holding the rod-and-ring symbol. Old-Babylonian fired clay plaque from Southern Mesopotamia, Iraq. The rod-and-ring symbol is a symbol that is depicted on Mesopotamian stelas, cylinder seals, and reliefs. It is held by a god or ...
A ziggurat (/ ˈ z ɪ ɡ ʊ ˌ r æ t /; Cuneiform: 𒅆𒂍𒉪, Akkadian: ziqqurratum, [2] D-stem of zaqārum 'to protrude, to build high', [3] cognate with other Semitic languages like Hebrew zaqar (זָקַר) 'protrude' [4] [5]) is a type of massive structure built in ancient Mesopotamia. It has the form of a terraced compound of ...
Akkadian cylinder seal dating to c. 2300 BC, depicting the deities Inanna, Utu, Enki, and Isimud [1] Map showing the extent of Mesopotamia and its major cities relative to modern landmarks. Deities in ancient Mesopotamia were almost exclusively anthropomorphic. [2]
Ancient builders across the world created structures that are still standing today, thousands of years later — from Roman engineers who poured thick concrete sea barriers, to Maya masons who ...
"Winged genie", Nimrud c. 870 BC, with inscription running across his midriff. Part of the Lion Hunt of Ashurbanipal, c. 645–635 BC. Assyrian sculpture is the sculpture of the ancient Assyrian states, especially the Neo-Assyrian Empire of 911 to 612 BC, which was centered around the city of Assur in Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq) which at its height, ruled over all of Mesopotamia, the Levant ...