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The Palermo scale or Palermo technical impact hazard scale is a logarithmic scale used by astronomers to rate the potential hazard of impact of a near-Earth object (NEO). It combines two types of data — probability of impact and estimated kinetic yield—into a single "hazard" value.
101955 Bennu (provisional designation 1999 RQ 36) is a carbonaceous asteroid in the Apollo group discovered by the LINEAR Project on 11 September 1999. It is a potentially hazardous object that is listed on the Sentry Risk Table and has the third highest cumulative rating on the Palermo scale. [9]
2024 YR 4 is an asteroid that is classified as an Apollo-type (Earth-crossing) near-Earth object, with an estimated diameter of 40 to 90 metres (130 to 300 ft).As of 22 February 2025, it has a rating of 1 on the Torino scale, with a 1-in-280 (0.36%) chance of impacting Earth on 22 December 2032, [7] and a rating of −1.11 on the Palermo scale, corresponding to an impact hazard 7.8% of the ...
The Torino scale is a method for categorizing the impact hazard associated with near-Earth objects (NEOs) such as asteroids and comets. It is intended as a communication tool for astronomers and the public to assess the seriousness of collision predictions, by combining probability statistics and known kinetic damage potentials into a single ...
In 2002, it had the highest Palermo scale rating with a value of 0.17 and a probability of 1 in 306 (0.33%) for a possible collision in 2880. [13] [6] Since that time, the estimated risk has been updated several times. In December 2015, the odds of an Earth impact were revised to 1 in 8,300 (0.012%) with a Palermo scale rating of −1.42. [12]
Two scales, the simple Torino scale and the more complex Palermo scale, rate the risk presented by an identified NEO based on the probability of it impacting the Earth and on how severe the consequences of such an impact would be. Some NEOs have had temporarily positive Torino or Palermo scale ratings after their discovery.
List of asteroids with a Palermo Technical Impact Hazard Scale greater than −6 that are listed on the Sentry Risk Table because they have short observation arcs with poorly constrained orbits and have a chance of impacting Earth in 2017. Given a short observation arc, many different orbits fit the observed data.
2002 NT 7 became the first object observed by NASA's NEO program to be assigned a positive rating on both the Torino scale and the Palermo scale [5] for a small chance of an impact on 1 February 2019, however it passed Earth at roughly 0.4078 AU (61,010,000 km; 37,910,000 mi) on 13 January 2019 with an uncertainty region of around ±108 km. [6]