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If one considers the flux of the electric field vector, E, for a tube near a point charge in the field of the charge but not containing it with sides formed by lines tangent to the field, the flux for the sides is zero and there is an equal and opposite flux at both ends of the tube. This is a consequence of Gauss's Law applied to an inverse ...
Therefore, the velocity field has negative divergence everywhere. In contrast, in a gas at a constant temperature and pressure, the net flux of gas out of any closed surface is zero. The gas may be moving, but the volume rate of gas flowing into any closed surface must equal the volume rate flowing out, so the net flux is zero. Thus the gas ...
Rosin used as flux for soldering A flux pen used for electronics rework Multicore solder containing flux Wire freshly coated with solder, held above molten rosin flux. In metallurgy, a flux is a chemical reducing agent, flowing agent, or purifying agent. Fluxes may have more than one function at a time.
The Kirkendall effect is the motion of the interface between two metals that occurs due to the difference in diffusion rates of the metal atoms. The effect can be observed, for example, by placing insoluble markers at the interface between a pure metal and an alloy containing that metal, and heating to a temperature where atomic diffusion is reasonable for the given timescale; the boundary ...
Mathematically, mass flux is defined as the limit =, where = = is the mass current (flow of mass m per unit time t) and A is the area through which the mass flows.. For mass flux as a vector j m, the surface integral of it over a surface S, followed by an integral over the time duration t 1 to t 2, gives the total amount of mass flowing through the surface in that time (t 2 − t 1): = ^.
The divergence theorem can be used to calculate a flux through a closed surface that fully encloses a volume, like any of the surfaces on the left. It can not directly be used to calculate the flux through surfaces with boundaries, like those on the right. (Surfaces are blue, boundaries are red.)
The simplest definition for a potential gradient F in one dimension is the following: [1] = = where ϕ(x) is some type of scalar potential and x is displacement (not distance) in the x direction, the subscripts label two different positions x 1, x 2, and potentials at those points, ϕ 1 = ϕ(x 1), ϕ 2 = ϕ(x 2).
Without losing generality, consider a steady state, i.e. / =, and an infinite crosswind line source, for which, at = = Assuming that (/) / ¯ /, i.e., the x-transport by mean flow greatly outweighs the eddy flux in that direction, the gradient based diffusion equation for the flux of a stationary medium becomes ¯ = This equation, together with ...