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Descenders indicate background sound description and off-screen dialogue. Most modern caption producers, such as WGBH-TV, use mixed case for both on-screen and off-screen dialogue. '-' (a prefixed dash) indicates a change in single speaker (used by National Captioning Institute or CaptionMax).
The off-screen narration in documentaries, although on-screen dialogue is always subtitled) Thailand (subtitles in Thai) The Bahamas (cable and satellite TV and cinemas) Taiwan (Mandarin subtitles appear on most shows and all news or live action broadcasts) Tajikistan (subtitles in Tajik) Trinidad and Tobago (cable and satellite TV and cinemas)
"The staff ate it later" as shown on screen. "The staff ate it later" is a caption shown on screen when food appears on a Japanese TV program.This indicates that the dish or ingredients were eaten and not thrown away; however, some question the authenticity of this statement, and others believe this caption lowers the quality of TV programs.
Captions are an old-school accessibility function that first came to movies in the Eisenhower era, but with the rise of in-home streaming services, there's been a twist: Words on the screen have ...
Rear Window captioning is a form of closed captioning because the viewer must choose to view the captions. Illustrated Example of a Rear Window Captioning System. Few movie exhibitors or theater chains choose to provide Rear Window captioning. One of the reasons often stated for not providing Rear Window captioning is the cost of the hardware ...
The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (1920) used stylised intertitles Cinema etiquette title card (c. 1912). In films and videos, an intertitle, also known as a title card, is a piece of filmed, printed text edited into the midst of (hence, inter-) the photographed action at various points.
EIA-608, also known as "Line 21 captions" and "CEA-608", [1] is a standard for closed captioning for NTSC TV broadcasts in the United States, Canada and Mexico. It was developed by the Electronic Industries Alliance and required by law to be implemented in most television receivers made in the United States.
Teletext was created in the United Kingdom in the early 1970s by John Adams, Philips' lead designer for video display units to provide closed captioning to television shows for the hearing impaired. [6] Public teletext information services were introduced by major broadcasters in the UK, [7] starting with the BBC's Ceefax service in 1974. [8]