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Sumo (Japanese: 相撲, Hepburn: sumō, Japanese pronunciation:, lit. ' striking one another ') [1] is a form of competitive full-contact wrestling where a rikishi (wrestler) attempts to force his opponent out of a circular ring or into touching the ground with any body part other than the soles of his feet (usually by throwing, shoving or pushing him down).
The present rules date from July 1969 and there have been over 100 cases of kadoban ōzeki since that time. Kakegoe (掛け声) The calls and shouts dictated by the gyōji to officiate a match. Kakukai (角界) The world of sumo as a whole. Kanreki dohyō-iri (還暦土俵入り) Former grand champion's 60th birthday ring-entering ceremony ...
More recently, during the retirement of era defining Hakuhō , the "Experts' Meeting on the Succession and Development of Grand Sumo" (directed by Yamauchi Masayuki, a member of the Yokozuna Deliberation Council), which the Japan Sumo Association consulted on how sumo should be in response to the new era, suddenly came up with a proposal for ...
A sumo gyōji, the 33rd Kimura Shōnosuke [], in full traditional dress. A gyōji (行司, lit. ' administering things ') is a referee employed by the Japan Sumo Association, responsible for a variety of activities which concern the organisation of the sport in general and the refereeing of matches, as well as the preservation of professional sumo culture, deeply rooted in Shinto traditions.
SUMO defines a hierarchy of classes and related rules and relationships. These are expressed in a version of the language SUO-KIF, a higher-order logic that has a LISP-like syntax, as well as the TPTP family of languages. A mapping from WordNet synsets to SUMO [3] has been defined. Initially, SUMO was focused on meta-level concepts (general ...
The tradition of ring names in sumo dates back to the Edo period, where they were used as a means to attract customers and hide the identities of the rikishi. [1] Like standard Japanese names, a shikona consists of a surname and a personal, or given name, [1] and the full name is written surname first. However, the personal name is rarely used ...
[1] Inside of the Kuramae Kokugikan during the January 1950 honbasho. In 1926, the newly formed Japan Sumo Association increased the number of honbasho held each year from two to four. In 1928, they introduced rules such as marking uncontested bouts as forfeitures to help guarantee tournaments end with a clear winner. [2]
The Japan Sumo Association relations between its members are primarily shaped by rules and norms related to the ownership and transfer of "elder shares" held by the association coaches. [44] These shares are known by several names, and can also be referred to as toshiyori kabu , [ 1 ] or elder stock. [ 45 ]