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NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SIRT2 gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] SIRT2 is an NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)-dependent deacetylase. Studies of this protein have often been divergent, highlighting the dependence of pleiotropic effects of SIRT2 on cellular context.
In yeast, roundworms, and fruitflies, sir2 is the name of one of the sirtuin-type proteins (see table below). [16] Mammals possess seven sirtuins (SIRT1–7) that occupy different subcellular compartments: SIRT1, SIRT6 and SIRT7 are predominantly in the nucleus, SIRT2 in the cytoplasm, and SIRT3, SIRT4 and SIRT5 in the mitochondria. [2]
The main ones are histone deacetylases (HDACs) and sirtuins (SIRT1,2,3,5). [2] Because histone proteins were the first known substrate for protein deacetylases, the latter all tend to be called HDACs of one class or another. Human protein deacetylase enzymes have been categorized into Class I (HDAC1,2,3,8); Class II (HDAC4,5,6,7,9,10),
Sirtuin-activating compounds (STAC) are chemical compounds having an effect on sirtuins, a group of enzymes that use NAD+ to remove acetyl groups from proteins. They are caloric restriction mimetic compounds that may be helpful in treating various aging -related diseases.
Sirtuin 1, also known as NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SIRT1 gene. [5] [6] [7]SIRT1 stands for sirtuin (silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog) 1 (S. cerevisiae), referring to the fact that its sirtuin homolog (biological equivalent across species) in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) is Sir2.
SIR proteins organize heterochromatin near telomeres, [1] ribosomal DNA (rDNA), [2] and at silent loci including hidden mating type loci in yeast. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] The SIR family of genes encodes catalytic and non-catalytic proteins that are involved in de-acetylation of histone tails and the subsequent condensation of chromatin around a SIR protein ...
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CobB is a bacterial protein that belongs to the sirtuin family, a broadly conserved family of NAD+-dependent protein deacetylases. [2] [3] To further this, CobB is found in the Sir2 Family protein deacetylase, which is in control of energy metabolism, chemotaxis, and DNA supercoiling in many bacteria. [4] CobB does contain a sequence length of ...