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The demand developed by Max Weber is part of the criteria of scientific neutrality. [2] The aim of the researcher in the social sciences is to make research about subjects structured by values, while offering an analysis that will not be, itself, based on a value-judgement. According to this concept, the researcher should make of these values ...
In colloquial use, neutral can be synonymous with unbiased. However, bias is a favoritism for one side, [4] [5] distinct from the tendency to act on that favoritism. Neutrality is distinct (though not exclusive) from apathy, ignorance, indifference, doublethink, equality, [6] agreement, and objectivity. Apathy and indifference each imply a ...
The objectivity essay discusses essential concepts of Weber's sociology: "ideal type," "(social) action," "empathic understanding," "imaginary experiment," "value-free analysis," and "objectivity of sociological understanding". With his objectivity essay, Weber pursued two goals.
The four Mertonian norms (often abbreviated as the CUDO-norms) can be summarised as: communism: all scientists should have common ownership of scientific goods (intellectual property), to promote collective collaboration; secrecy is the opposite of this norm.
The expression collective behavior was first used by Franklin Henry Giddings [1] and employed later by Robert Park and Ernest Burgess, [2] Herbert Blumer, [3] Ralph H. Turner and Lewis Killian, [4] and Neil Smelser [5] to refer to social processes and events which do not reflect existing social structure (laws, conventions, and institutions), but which emerge in a "spontaneous" way.
Neutrality: the decision rule treats each alternative or candidate equally (a free and fair election). Decisiveness: if the vote is tied, adding a single voter (who expresses an opinion) will break the tie. Positive response: If a voter changes a preference, MR never switches the outcome against that voter. If the outcome the voter now prefers ...
The neutral point of view does not mean the exclusion of certain points of view; rather, it means including all verifiable points of view which have sufficient due weight. Observe the following principles to help achieve the level of neutrality that is appropriate for an encyclopedia: Avoid stating opinions as facts.
In economics and social choice, a function satisfies anonymity, neutrality, or symmetry if the rule does not discriminate between different participants ahead of time. For example, in an election, a voter-anonymous function is one where it does not matter who casts which vote, i.e. all voters' ballots are equal ahead of time.