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The siege of Mecca in September–November 683 was one of the early battles of the Second Fitna. The city of Mecca was a sanctuary for Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr , who was among the most prominent challengers to the dynastic succession to the Caliphate by the Umayyad Yazid I .
August 31-September 9, 2019 Bibi-Ka-Alam: event held in Hyderabad, India: 2 Muharram September 1, 2019 Shia day of Mourning: Arrival of Imam Hussain in Karbalā, 61 A.H. 3 Muharram September 2, 2019 Shia day of Mourning: Water supply to Imam Husain & his companions was stopped in Karbalā: 6 Muharram September 5, 2019 Mourning of Muharram
Mecca has been referred to by many names. As with many Arabic words, its etymology is obscure. [24] Widely believed to be a synonym for Makkah, it is said to be more specifically the early name for the valley located therein, while Muslim scholars generally use it to refer to the sacred area of the city that immediately surrounds and includes the Ka'bah.
The structure was severely damaged by a fire on 3 Rabi' I 64 AH (Sunday 31 October 683 CE), during the first siege of Mecca in 683 in the war between the Umayyads and 'Abdullah ibn al-Zubayr, [82] an early Muslim who ruled Mecca for many years between the death of ʿAli and the consolidation of power by the Umayyads.
Having forced the rebels to renew their allegiance, Yazid's army headed for Mecca to subdue Ibn al-Zubayr. [26] [27] Ibn Uqba died on the way and command passed to Husayn ibn Numayr, who besieged Mecca in September 683. The siege lasted for several weeks, during which the Ka'aba caught fire. Yazid's sudden death in November ended the campaign.
Under the Islamic prophet Muhammad, beginning in 622, and the first three caliphs, Abu Bakr (r. 632–634), Umar (r. 634–644) and Uthman (r. 644–656), Medina served as the capital of the early Muslim state, which by Uthman's time came to rule over an empire spanning Arabia, most of the Persian Sasanian Empire and the Byzantine territories of Syria and Egypt.
The Ansar were routed at the Battle of al-Harra in the summer of 683, and Ibn Hanzala was slain. [17] [20] The army continued toward Mecca, but Ibn Uqba died en route and command passed to his deputy Husayn ibn Numayr al-Sakuni. [20] The latter besieged the city on 24 September after Abd Allah Ibn al-Zubayr refused to surrender.
Larabanga is one of eight ancient and highly revered mosques in Ghana and is also the oldest. It is a place of pilgrimage and is considered the Mecca of West Africa. [2] In the 1970s, a mixture of sand and cement was applied to the external faces of the mosque with the intention of protecting the mosque from wind and rain damage.