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Beech bark disease is a disease that causes mortality and defects in beech trees in the eastern United States, Canada and Europe. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] In North America , the disease occurs after extensive bark invasion by Xylococculus betulae and the beech scale insect , Cryptococcus fagisuga . [ 4 ]
Beech bark disease is a fungal infection that attacks the American beech through damage caused by scale insects. [39] Infection can lead to the death of the tree. [40] Beech leaf disease is a disease that affects American beeches spread by the newly discovered nematode, Litylenchus crenatae mccannii.
The USDA’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, or APHIS, has allocated more than $108,000 for a research project studying the risks of beech leaf disease in several states.
Cryptococcus fagisuga, commonly known as the beech scale or woolly beech scale, is a felted scale insect in the superfamily Coccoidea that infests beech trees of the genus Fagus. It is associated with the transmission of beech bark disease [ 3 ] because the puncture holes it makes in the bark allow entry of pathogenic fungi which have been ...
Beech trees make up about 10% to 15% of the state’s total forest trees and up to 50% in some areas in Washington County, according to estimates from Fern Graves, forest stewardship program ...
Fagus grandifolia is a large deciduous tree [6] growing to 16–35 metres (52–115 feet) tall, [7] with smooth, silver-gray bark.The leaves are dark green, simple and sparsely-toothed with small teeth that terminate each vein, 6–12 centimetres (2 + 1 ⁄ 4 – 4 + 3 ⁄ 4 inches) long (rarely 15 cm or 6 in), with a short petiole.
Beech leaf disease is a newly discovered lethal disease of beech trees believed to be caused by the nematode Litylenchus crenatae mccannii. [1] The symptoms of the disease appear as a dark green, interveinal banding pattern on the lower canopy foliage, eventually spreading throughout the tree.
Tulip trees Liriodendron tulipifera are another susceptible host. The pathogen infects and causes many smaller bleeding lesions along the trunk and can even cause lesions on leaf tips. [6] Both shrubs and trees share the characteristic symptoms of leaf necrosis with lesions on the stem and trunk proving the severity of this disease. [citation ...