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Kazakhstan, a country in Central Eurasia in which local food supplies seldom contain sufficient iodine, has drastically reduced iodine deficiency through salt iodization programs. Campaigns by the government and non-profit organizations to educate the public about the benefits of iodized salt began in the mid-1990s, with iodization of edible ...
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 16 February 2025. This article is about the chemical element. For other uses, see Iodine (disambiguation). Chemical element with atomic number 53 (I) Iodine, 53 I Iodine Pronunciation / ˈ aɪ ə d aɪ n, - d ɪ n, - d iː n / (EYE -ə-dyne, -din, -deen) Appearance lustrous metallic gray solid ...
Iodine deficiency affects about two billion people around the world and is the leading preventable cause of intellectual disabilities. [43] Iodized table salt has significantly reduced disorders of iodine deficiency in countries where it is used. [44] The amount of iodine and the specific iodine compound added to salt varies.
Iodine (I) 53 ἰώδης (iodes) Greek via French "violet" descriptive (colour) Named after the Greek ἰώδης (iodes), which means "violet", because of the colour of the gaseous phase. This word was adapted as the French iode, which is the source of the English "iodine". [42] Xenon (Xe) 54 ξένος (xenos) Greek "foreign"
Indian food, adapted to the European palate, became visible in England by 1811 as exclusive establishments began catering to the tastes of both the curious and those returning from India. [53] Opium was a part of the spice trade, and some people involved in the spice trade were driven by opium addiction. [54] [55]
The influential cooking book 1080 recetas de cocina by Simone Ortega (first published in 1972) became a hit in Spain, remaining as of 2019 the third best-selling book ever in the history of the country after Don Quixote and the Bible. [44]
The salt contributed to the cities' and even entire countries' wealth. One of the best examples is Poland and its Salt Mines in Wieliczka and Bochnia. During times of prosperity the mines controlled by the enterprise of Cracow Saltmines [14] supplied up to 1 ⁄ 3 of the income to the treasury. Salt was extracted from the 13th century and ...
In areas where there is little iodine in the diet, typically remote inland areas and semi-arid equatorial climates where no marine foods are eaten, iodine deficiency also gives rise to hypothyroidism, the most serious symptoms of which are epidemic goitre (swelling of the thyroid gland), extreme fatigue, mental slowing, depression, weight gain ...