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Tetanus antiserum was developed in 1890, with its protective effects lasting a few weeks. [9] [10] The tetanus toxoid vaccine was developed in 1924, and came into common use for soldiers in World War II. [2] [11] Its use resulted in a 95% decrease in the rate of tetanus. [2] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [12]
Anti-tetanus immunoglobulin, also known as tetanus immune globulin (TIG) and tetanus antitoxin, is a medication made up of antibodies against the tetanus toxin. [1] It is used to prevent tetanus in those who have a wound that is at high risk, have not been fully vaccinated with tetanus toxoid , or have HIV/AIDS .
A toxoid is an inactivated toxin (usually an exotoxin) whose toxicity has been suppressed either by chemical or heat treatment, while other properties, typically immunogenicity, are maintained. [1] Toxins are secreted by bacteria, whereas toxoids are altered form of toxins; toxoids are not secreted by bacteria.
Tdap (also TDP) is a tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis vaccine. It was licensed in the United States for use in adults and adolescents on 10 June 2005. [ 26 ] Two Tdap vaccines are available in the US.
3 or more doses of tetanus toxoid-containing vaccine AND 5–10 years since the last dose No indication: Tdap preferred (if not yet received) or Td: 3 or more doses of tetanus toxoid-containing vaccine AND more than 10 years since the last dose Tdap preferred (if not yet received) or Td: Tdap preferred (if not yet received) or Td
DTaP-IPV/Hib vaccine is a 5-in-1 combination vaccine that protects against diphtheria, tetanus, whooping cough, polio, and Haemophilus influenzae type B. [1] [2]Its generic name is "diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis adsorbed, inactivated poliovirus and haemophilus B conjugate vaccine", and it is also known as DTaP-IPV-Hib.
DTaP-Hib vaccine is a combination vaccine whose generic name is diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis adsorbed with Haemophilus B conjugate vaccine, sometimes abbreviated to DTaP-Hib. [2] It protects against the infectious diseases diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, and Haemophilus influenzae type B. [3] [4]
Tetanus toxoid can be given in case of a suspected exposure to tetanus. In such cases, it can be given with or without tetanus immunoglobulin (also called tetanus antibodies or tetanus antitoxin [13]). It can be given as intravenous therapy or by intramuscular injection. [citation needed]