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The area provides a reference unit, for example in reference ranges for urine tests. [3]Used for grading of soft tissue tumors: Grading, usually on a scale of I to III, is based on the degree of differentiation, the average number of mitoses per high-power field, cellularity, pleomorphism, and an estimate of the extent of necrosis (presumably a reflection of rate of growth).
An elevated mitotic index indicates more cells are dividing. In cancer cells, the mitotic index may be elevated compared to normal growth of tissues or cellular repair of the site of an injury. [2] The mitotic index is therefore an important prognostic factor predicting both overall survival and response to chemotherapy in most types of cancer ...
Usually the number of mitotic figures is expressed as the total number in a defined number of high power fields, such as 10 mitoses in 10 high power fields. Since the field of vision area can vary considerably between different microscopes, the exact area of the high power fields should be defined in order to compare results from different studies.
Atypical carcinoid of the lung exhibiting endobronchial growth, increased mitotic activity was seen (2-10 per 10 HPF). H&E stain. Typical pulmonary carcinoid tumor. Typical pulmonary carcinoid lacks comedo-like necrosis, and has < 0.2 mitotic figures/HPF.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 19 February 2025. Process in which chromosomes are replicated and separated into two new identical nuclei For the type of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms used to produce gametes, see Meiosis. For excessive constriction of the pupils, see Miosis. For the parasitic infestation, see Myiasis ...
Meaning h: hr / hours H: histamine or its receptors (if with subscripts) hemagglutinin: H x: history: HA ; H/A hypertonia arterialis headache calcium hydroxyapatite HAA: hepatitis-associated antigen or #History As Above HAART: highly active antiretroviral therapy HACA: human anti-chimeric antibody: HACE: High-altitude cerebral edema: HACEK
Note: Mitotic figures are counted only at the periphery of the tumor, and counting should begin in the most mitotically active areas. Mitotic count per 10 high-power fields (HPFs) [ 21 ] Area per HPF
Furthermore, the 2022 WHO classification introduces a two-tiered grading system for medullary thyroid carcinomas based on mitotic count, Ki-67 index and the absence or presence of tumor necrosis. Here, it may be noted that different cut-offs than with tumors of gastrointestinal, aerodigestive and lung origin are applied.