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EUR/Ruble exchange rate (Rubles per Euro. On 23 March 2022, Russian President Vladimir Putin announced payments for Russian pipeline gas would be switched from "currencies that had been compromised" (that is, US dollar and euro) to payments in roubles when the transaction involved a country formally designated "unfriendly" previously, which included all European Union states; on 28 March, he ...
De Facto Classification of Exchange Rate Arrangements, as of April 30, 2021, and Monetary Policy Frameworks [2] Exchange rate arrangement (Number of countries) Exchange rate anchor Monetary aggregate target (25) Inflation Targeting framework (45) Others (43) US Dollar (37) Euro (28) Composite (8) Other (9) No separate legal tender (16) Ecuador ...
In 2018 about 6% of Russian gas supply to Europe was as LNG. [24] In response to Russian military buildup and recognition of Ukrainian separatists, Germany cancelled opening of the Nord Stream 2 in February 2022. The 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine prompted international sanctions, leading to a currency crisis in Russia.
The Nord Stream gas pipelines were built by Russia's gas giant Gazprom and run between Russia and northern Germany. Nord Stream 1 was shut down in 2022 and Nord Stream 2 was never used, following ...
MOSCOW/KYIV (Reuters) -Russian gas exports via Soviet-era pipelines running through Ukraine came to a halt on New Year's Day, marking the end of decades of Moscow's dominance over Europe's energy ...
Russian gas has been replaced by liquefied natural gas (LNG) imports: the United States has increased its slice of the EU gas market to 56.2 bcm in 2023 from 18.9 bcm in 2021 while Norway grew its ...
Russian gas is no longer flowing to EU states through Ukraine following the expiration of a five-year deal, closing an energy route that has existed since the end of the Soviet Union in 1991.
In 2018, Germany imported 50% to 75% of its natural gas from Russia. [28] Before 2022, the main export markets of Russian natural gas were the European Union and the CIS. Russia supplied a quarter of the EU gas consumption, mainly via transit through Ukraine (Soyuz, Urengoy–Pomary–Uzhhorod pipeline) and Belarus (Yamal-Europe pipeline).