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The interpretation for the fence's design changes the answer to this problem. The correct number of sections for a fence is n − 1 if the fence is a free-standing line segment bounded by a post at each of its ends (e.g., a fence between two passageway gaps), n if the fence forms one complete, free-standing loop (e.g., enclosure accessible by ...
This is a list of some of the more commonly known problems that are NP-complete when expressed as decision problems. As there are thousands of such problems known, this list is in no way comprehensive. Many problems of this type can be found in Garey & Johnson (1979).
For example, the problem of deciding whether a graph G contains H as a minor, where H is fixed, can be solved in a running time of O(n 2), [25] where n is the number of vertices in G. However, the big O notation hides a constant that depends superexponentially on H .
In computational complexity theory, Karp's 21 NP-complete problems are a set of computational problems which are NP-complete.In his 1972 paper, "Reducibility Among Combinatorial Problems", [1] Richard Karp used Stephen Cook's 1971 theorem that the boolean satisfiability problem is NP-complete [2] (also called the Cook-Levin theorem) to show that there is a polynomial time many-one reduction ...
The field of numerical analysis predates the invention of modern computers by many centuries. Linear interpolation was already in use more than 2000 years ago. Many great mathematicians of the past were preoccupied by numerical analysis, [5] as is obvious from the names of important algorithms like Newton's method, Lagrange interpolation polynomial, Gaussian elimination, or Euler's method.
Some subjects generally considered to be part of analytic number theory, for example, sieve theory, [note 9] are better covered by the second rather than the first definition: some of sieve theory, for instance, uses little analysis, [note 10] yet it does belong to analytic number theory. The following are examples of problems in analytic ...
The problem is known to undergo a "phase transition"; being likely for some sets and unlikely for others. If m is the number of bits needed to express any number in the set and n is the size of the set then / < tends to have many solutions and / > tends to have few or no solutions. As n and m get larger, the probability of a perfect partition ...
5 Analytic number theory: additive problems. 6 Algebraic number theory. 7 Quadratic forms. 8 L-functions. 9 Diophantine equations. ... This is a list of topics in ...