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The neurodiversity paradigm has been controversial among disability advocates, especially proponents of the medical model of autism, with opponents arguing it risks downplaying the challenges associated with some disabilities (e.g., in those requiring little support becoming representative of the challenges caused by the disability, thereby ...
Those who favour the neurodiversity paradigm, which aligns with the social model of disability, see autism as a naturally-occurring variation in the brain. Neurodiversity advocates argue that efforts to eliminate autism should not be compared, for example, to curing cancer, but instead to the antiquated notion of curing left-handedness.
Robert Chapman is an English philosopher, teacher and writer, best known for their work on neurodiversity studies and the philosophy of disability.They are the first assistant professor of critical neurodiversity studies, and as of 2024, work at the Institute for Medical Humanities at Durham University.
In the mid-2010s various large multinational corporations began developing policy on occupational neurodiversity. [5] Previously, organizations either did not discuss the issue, or if they addressed it, then it was a sort of disability accommodation. [5]
Models of disability are analytic tools in disability studies used to articulate different ways disability is conceptualized by individuals and society broadly. [1] [2] Disability models are useful for understanding disagreements over disability policy, [2] teaching people about ableism, [3] providing disability-responsive health care, [3] and articulating the life experiences of disabled people.
In the late 20th century and early 21st century, the social model of disability became a dominant feature of identities for disabled people in the UK. [26] Under the social model of disability, a disability identity is created by "the presence of impairment, the experience of disablism and self- identification as a disabled person." [7]: 110
In 2016, she published the book Neurodiversity: The Birth of an Idea. [11] Singer has distanced herself from the expansion of the term neurodiversity outside of her original focus on "high functioning" autism awareness when coining the term, stating: “I was very clear in my thesis that I was only talking about Asperger’s." [12]
Being autistic is a form of neurodiversity. As with all forms of neurodiversity, most of the challenges autistic people face come from other people's attitudes about autism and a lack of supports and accommodations , rather than being essential to the autistic condition. For instance, according to Larry Arnold and Gwen Nelson, many autism ...