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Ocean acidification is the ongoing decrease in the pH of the Earth's ocean. Between 1950 and 2020, the average pH of the ocean surface fell from approximately 8.15 to 8.05. [ 2 ] Carbon dioxide emissions from human activities are the primary cause of ocean acidification, with atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2) levels exceeding 422 ppm (as of ...
Appearance. Ocean acidification threatens the Great Barrier Reef by reducing the viability and strength of coral reefs. The Great Barrier Reef, considered one of the seven natural wonders of the world and a biodiversity hotspot, is located in Australia. Similar to other coral reefs, it is experiencing degradation due to ocean acidification.
This decreasing pH is another issue for coral reefs. [6] Ocean surface pH is estimated to have decreased from about 8.25 to 8.14 since the beginning of the industrial era, [69] and a further drop of 0.3–0.4 units is expected. [70] This drop has made it so the amount of hydrogen ions have increased by 30%. [71]
An artificial reef (AR) is a human-created freshwater or marine benthic structure. [1] Typically built in areas with a generally featureless bottom to promote marine life, it may be intended to control erosion, protect coastal areas, block ship passage, block the use of trawling nets, [2] support reef restoration, improve aquaculture, or enhance scuba diving and surfing. [3]
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Second Thomas Shoal, also known as Ayungin Shoal (Filipino: Buhanginan ng Ayungin, lit. 'sandbank of silver perch'), Bãi Cỏ Mây (Vietnamese) and Rén'ài Jiāo (Chinese : 仁爱礁/仁愛礁), [ 1 ] is a submerged reef in the Spratly Islands of the South China Sea, 105 nautical miles (194 km; 121 mi) west of Palawan, Philippines. [ 2 ]
Anhydrous citric acid. Acidity regulators, or pH control agents, are food additives used to change or maintain pH (acidity or basicity). [1] They can be organic or mineral acids, bases, neutralizing agents, or buffering agents. Typical agents include the following acids and their sodium salts: sorbic acid, acetic acid, benzoic acid, and ...
Released: 25 May 1995. Replenish is the debut studio album by British alternative rock band Reef. [1] Produced by the band and Clive Martin, the album was released on 19 June 1995 supported by the singles "Good Feeling" and "Naked". Replenish peaked at number nine on the UK Albums Chart.
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