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Cryosurgery(with cryofrom the Ancient Greekκρύο'icy cold') is the use of extreme cold in surgeryto destroy abnormal or diseased tissue;[1]thus, it is the surgical application of cryoablation. Cryosurgery has been historically used to treat a number of diseases and disorders, especially a variety of benign and malignant skin conditions.
341,831 (2020) [ 11 ] Cervical cancer is a cancer arising from the cervix or in any layer of the wall of the cervix. [ 2 ] It is due to the abnormal growth of cells that have the ability to invade or spread to other parts of the body. [ 12 ] Early on, typically no symptoms are seen. [ 2 ] Later symptoms may include abnormal vaginal bleeding ...
Cervical conization refers to an excision of a cone-shaped portion of tissue from the mucous membrane of the cervix. Conization is used for diagnostic purposes as part of a biopsy and for therapeutic purposes to remove pre-cancerous cells (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia) or early stage cervical cancer. [1]
Cervical ectropion is a condition in which the cells from the 'inside' of the cervical canal, known as glandular cells (or columnar epithelium), are present on the 'outside' of the vaginal portion of the cervix. The cells on the 'outside' of the cervix are typically squamous epithelial cells. Where the two cells meet is called the ...
The cervix is the lower part of the uterus situated between the external os (external orifice) and internal os (internal orifice). The cervical canal connects the interior of the vagina and the cavity of the body of uterus. The cervix is part of the female reproductive system. Around 2–3 centimetres (0.8–1.2 in) in length, [ 3 ] it is the ...
Loop electrical excision procedure. The loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) is one of the most commonly used approaches to treat high grade cervical dysplasia (CIN II/III, HGSIL) and early stage cervical cancer discovered on colposcopic examination. In the UK, it is known as large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ).
The Bethesda system (TBS), officially called The Bethesda System for Reporting Cervical Cytology, is a system for reporting cervical or vaginal cytologic diagnoses, [1] used for reporting Pap smear results. It was introduced in 1988 [2] and revised in 1991, [3] 2001, [1][4][5] and 2014. [6] The name comes from the location (Bethesda, Maryland ...
The transformation zone, at the opening of the cervix into the vagina, is the area where most abnormal cell changes occur. Colposcopy (Ancient Greek: κόλπος, romanized:kolpos, lit. 'hollow, womb, vagina' + skopos 'look at') is a medical diagnostic procedure to visually examine the cervix as well as the vagina and vulva using a colposcope.