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Smith is known for her contributions to our understanding of sociality in free-living mammals.Among her most prominent contributions are those focused on animal social networks, [7] comparative social evolution, [8] the fission-fusion society [9] of and coalition formation [10] in spotted hyenas, leadership in mammalian societies, [11] explaining large-scale patterns of collective animal ...
Shelford's law of tolerance is a principle developed by American zoologist Victor Ernest Shelford in 1911. It states that an organism 's success is based on a complex set of conditions and that each organism has a certain minimum, maximum, and optimum environmental factor or combination of factors that determine success. [ 1 ]
But mammals that already have a pad under their foot such as polar bears, wolverines, Arctic wolves and Arctic foxes will have fur under their pads to help keep their flesh concealed from the cold. Other mammals such as the musk oxen can keep warm by growing long, shaggy fur to help insulate heat.
Elementary school students playing in mountains stumble upon fossil of ‘iconic’ mammal. Daniella Segura. March 21, 2024 at 10:17 AM ... If the mammal’s fossils are found in the state, the ...
Participatory ecological storytelling promotes ecological empathy by having participants co-create environmental stories using both human and animal characters. Projecting and combining their own emotions with that of their characters, storytelling participants can develop empathy for environmental actors and the planet itself.
Ecological facilitation or probiosis describes species interactions that benefit at least one of the participants and cause harm to neither. [1] Facilitations can be categorized as mutualisms , in which both species benefit, or commensalisms , in which one species benefits and the other is unaffected.
Behavioral ecology, also spelled behavioural ecology, is the study of the evolutionary basis for animal behavior due to ecological pressures. Behavioral ecology emerged from ethology after Niko Tinbergen outlined four questions to address when studying animal behaviors: What are the proximate causes, ontogeny, survival value, and phylogeny of a behavior?
In an influential paper, Wiens and Donoghue [3] laid out how phylogenetic niche conservatism might help explain the latitudinal diversity gradient.While support for the hypothesis that niche conservatism drives latitudinally structured variation in species richness has been found in some clades, [11] overall, phylogenetic niche conservatism has not received strong support as the underlying ...