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Each behavioural change theory or model focuses on different factors in attempting to explain behaviour change. Of the many that exist, the most prevalent are learning theories, social cognitive theory, theories of reasoned action and planned behaviour, transtheoretical model of behavior change, the health action process approach, and the BJ Fogg model of behavior change.
Clinical audit is the review of clinical performance, the refining of clinical practice as a result and the measurement of performance against agreed standards – a cyclical process of improving the quality of clinical care. In one form or another, audit has been part of good clinical practice for generations.
Brothers Stuart and Hubert Dreyfus originally proposed the model in 1980 in an 18-page report on their research at the University of California, Berkeley, Operations Research Center for the United States Air Force Office of Scientific Research. [1] The model was elaborated in more detail in their book Mind Over Machine (1986/1988). [2]
The balanced scorecard was initially proposed as a general purpose performance management system. [4] Subsequently, it was promoted specifically as an approach to strategic performance management. [5] The balanced scorecard has more recently become a key component of structured approaches to corporate strategic management. [6]
The dominant research method is the randomised controlled trial. Qualitative research is based in the paradigm of phenomenology, grounded theory, ethnography and others, and examines the experience of those receiving or delivering the nursing care, focusing, in particular, on the meaning that it holds for the individual
Performance measurement is the process of collecting, analyzing and/or reporting information regarding the performance of an individual, group, organization, system or component. [dubious – discuss] [1] Definitions of performance measurement tend to be predicated upon an assumption about why the performance is being measured. [2]
Performance is an abstract concept and must be represented by concrete, measurable goals or objectives. For example, baseball athlete performance is abstract as it covers many different types of activities. Batting average is a concrete measure of a particular performance attribute for a particular game role, batting, for the game of baseball.
Nursing management consists of the performance of the leadership functions of governance and decision-making within organizations employing nurses. It includes processes common to all management like planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling.