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Former logo of the Ministry of Health, used from 2 November 1984 until 14 November 2016. The Ministry of Health (Indonesian: Kementerian Kesehatan, officially abbreviated as Kemenkes) is a government ministry which organize public health affairs within the Indonesian government.
Otherwise a noncontrast helical CT scan with 5 millimeters (0.2 in) sections is the diagnostic method to use to detect kidney stones and confirm the diagnosis of kidney stone disease. [ 16 ] [ 57 ] [ 61 ] [ 66 ] [ 7 ] Near all stones are detectable on CT scans with the exception of those composed of certain drug residues in the urine, [ 59 ...
Diabetic nephropathy, also known as diabetic kidney disease, [5] is the chronic loss of kidney function occurring in those with diabetes mellitus. Diabetic nephropathy is the leading causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) globally.
[2] [3] The World Health Organization has reported that "kidney diseases have risen from the world’s nineteenth leading cause of death to the ninth, with the number of deaths increasing by 95% between 2000 and 2021." [4] In the United States, prevalence has risen from about one in eight in 2007, [5] to one in seven in 2021. [6]
The number of renal lobes is reduced, and the kidney size is less than two standard deviations from the average, with the weight often being over 50g in adults and 12–25g in children. This type of hypoplasia can be either unilateral or bilateral and is more prevalent in females by 72%.
A Danish study measured the median renal length to be 11.2 cm (4 + 7 ⁄ 16 in) on the left side and 10.9 cm (4 + 5 ⁄ 16 in) on the right side in adults. Median renal volumes were 146 cm 3 ( 8 + 15 ⁄ 16 cu in) on the left and 134 cm 3 ( 8 + 3 ⁄ 16 cu in) on the right.
This is defined as a glomerular filtration rate below 15 ml/min/1.73 m 2. Common diseases leading to ESRD include renovascular disease, infection, diabetes mellitus, and autoimmune conditions such as chronic glomerulonephritis and lupus; genetic causes include polycystic kidney disease, and a number of inborn errors of metabolism. The most ...
The length of the adult kidney is normally 10–12 cm, and the right kidney is often slightly longer than the left kidney. The adult kidney size is variable due to the correlation with body height and age; however, normograms for pediatric kidney size are available. [1]