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The Bakhshali manuscript is an ancient Indian mathematical text written on birch bark that was found in 1881 in the village of Bakhshali, Mardan (near Peshawar in present-day Pakistan, historical Gandhara). It is perhaps "the oldest extant manuscript in Indian mathematics". [4]
The Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics founded by Madhava of Sangamagrama is the topic of the seventh chapter, which includes Madhava's works on series expansions of trigonometric functions and the calculation of pi, [2] [6] [16] and developments by Nilakantha Somayaji in the theory of astronomy. [12] Chapter eight covers the ...
Boards of Intermediate and secondary education in Pakistan are responsible for conducting intermediate and secondary education examinations. These boards set their educational policy under the supervision of the provincial education ministry. [1]
Elementary mathematics, also known as primary or secondary school mathematics, is the study of mathematics topics that are commonly taught at the primary or secondary school levels around the world. It includes a wide range of mathematical concepts and skills, including number sense , algebra , geometry , measurement , and data analysis .
Dani points out that the contents of the book have "practically nothing in common" with the mathematics of the Vedic period or even with subsequent developments in Indian mathematics. [3] Shukla reiterates the observations, on a per-chapter basis. [2] For example, multiple techniques in the book involve the use of decimals.
CK-12 Flexbooks are the open textbooks designed for United States K-12 courses. [49] CK-12 FlexBooks are designed to facilitate conformance to national and United States and individual state textbook standards. CK-12 FlexBooks are licensed under a Creative Commons BY-NC-SA license. CK-12 FlexBooks are free to use online and offer formats ...
Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics (UTM) (ISSN 0172-6056) is a series of undergraduate-level textbooks in mathematics published by Springer-Verlag.The books in this series, like the other Springer-Verlag mathematics series, are small yellow books of a standard size.
The overwhelming majority of the residents of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa follows and professes the Sunni Islam while there is a significant amount of shia Muslims in areas such as Kurram, Kohat, Hangu, Orakzai, Dera Ismail khan, Mardan, and many other districts throughout central-southern kpk.