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Krill (Euphausiids) [1] (sg.: krill) are small and exclusively marine crustaceans of the order Euphausiacea, found in all of the world's oceans. [2] The name "krill" comes from the Norwegian word krill, meaning "small fry of fish", [3] which is also often attributed to species of fish.
Marine biogenic calcification is the production of calcium carbonate by organisms in the global ocean.. Marine biogenic calcification is the biologically mediated process by which marine organisms produce and deposit calcium carbonate minerals to form skeletal structures or hard tissues.
The most abundant concentrations of salps are in the Southern Ocean [4] (near Antarctica), where they sometimes form enormous swarms, often in deep water, and are sometimes even more abundant than krill. [5] Since 1910, while krill populations in the Southern Ocean have declined, salp populations appear to be increasing.
They have two basic body forms: swimming medusae and sessile polyps, both of which are radially symmetrical with mouths surrounded by tentacles that bear cnidocytes. Both forms have a single orifice and body cavity that are used for digestion and respiration. Fossil cnidarians have been found in rocks formed about .
The deepest underwater location is Challenger Deep of the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean, having a depth of 10,900 metres (6.8 mi). [ note 1 ] [ 15 ] Conventionally, the planet is divided into five separate oceans, but these oceans all connect into a single world ocean . [ 16 ]
A centric diatom, magnified x150. Siliceous ooze is a type of biogenic pelagic sediment located on the deep ocean floor.Siliceous oozes are the least common of the deep sea sediments, and make up approximately 15% of the ocean floor. [1]
On land most phosphorus is found in rocks and minerals. Phosphorus-rich deposits have generally formed in the ocean or from guano, and over time, geologic processes bring ocean sediments to land. Weathering of rocks and minerals release phosphorus in a soluble form where it is taken up by plants, and it is transformed into organic compounds.
The deep sea, or deep layer, is the lowest layer in the ocean, existing below the thermocline, at a depth of 1000 fathoms (1800 m) or more. The deepest part of the deep sea is Mariana Trench located in the western North Pacific. It is also the deepest point of the Earth's crust.