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Photophobia is a medical symptom of abnormal intolerance to visual perception of light. [1] As a medical symptom, photophobia is not a morbid fear or phobia, but an experience of discomfort or pain to the eyes due to light exposure or by presence of actual physical sensitivity of the eyes, [2] though the term is sometimes additionally applied to abnormal or irrational fear of light, such as ...
Rapid flickers in intensity of light may trigger or aggravate photosensitive epilepsy, epileptic seizure, or migraine headaches. [4] Conditions that may include sensitivity to light include vertigo and chronic fatigue syndrome. Controlled application of artificial light can be used in a program of light therapy to treat some disorders.
The photic sneeze reflex (also known as ACHOO syndrome, a contrived acronym for Autosomal-dominant Compelling Helio-Ophthalmic Outburst [1]) is an inherited and congenital autosomal dominant reflex condition that causes sneezing in response to numerous stimuli, such as looking at bright lights or periocular (surrounding the eyeball) injection.
In conditions of low illumination, especially in dimly lit environments, this phenomenon is related to how the eyes and the brain process visual information in insufficient lighting. The visual system becomes more sensitive to light and can amplify noise or minor changes in visual signals.
Retina (the light-sensitive tissue lining the back of the eye) Macula (the part of the retina needed for central vision) Optic nerve (the nerve that connects the eye to the brain)
Particular medications make the skin more sensitive to sunlight; these include most of the tetracycline antibiotics, heart drugs amiodarone, and sulfonamides. Some dietary supplements, such as St. John's Wort, include photosensitivity as a possible side effect. Particular conditions lead to increased light sensitivity.
The condition is excruciatingly painful because the loss of these cells results in the exposure of sensitive corneal nerves. This condition can often leave patients with temporary blindness due to extreme light sensitivity ( photophobia ).
The retina lines the inside of the eye. It is light-sensitive and communicates visual messages to the brain. If the retina detaches, it moves and shifts from its normal position. This can cause photopsia, but can also cause permanent vision loss. Medical attention is needed to prevent vision loss.