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Razmnama Leaf, Sage Brihaspati Describes the Evils of Anarchy to. Brihaspati appears in the Rigveda (pre-1000 BCE), such as in the dedications to him in the hymn 50 of Book 4; [6] he is described as a sage born from the first great light, the one who drove away darkness, is bright and pure, and carries a special bow whose string is Rta or "cosmic order" (basis of dharma).
The term is derived from nava (Sanskrit: नव "nine") and graha (Sanskrit: ग्रह "planet, seizing, laying hold of, holding"). The nine parts of the navagraha are the Sun, Moon, planets Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn, and the two nodes of the Moon. [2]
Selections of Tirukkural couplets were translated into the Dutch language by D. Kat in 1964. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] : 48 This is the only Dutch translation of the Kural text known thus far. [ 4 ] As of 2024, the work is said to be out of print.
The Malay language has many loanwords from Sanskrit, Persian, Tamil, Greek, Latin, Portuguese, Dutch, Siam (Old Thailand), Korean, Deutsch and Chinese languages such as Hokkien, Mandarin, Cantonese, Hakka. More recently, loans have come from Arabic, English and Malay's sister languages, Javanese and Sundanese.
The first English translation ever was attempted by N. E. Kindersley in 1794 when he translated select couplets of the Kural. This was followed by another incomplete attempt by Francis Whyte Ellis in 1812, who translated only 120 couplets—69 in verse and 51 in prose.
Muthuswami Dikshita (IAST: Muttusvāmi Dīkṣita, 24 March 1775 – 21 October 1835) or Dikshitar was a South Indian poet and composer and is one of the musical trinity of Carnatic music.
It was supplanted to a large extent in 1951 by the Nederlands Bijbelgenootschap (NBG) translation, better known as NBG 1951 , which still uses relatively old-fashioned language. Lutherans in the Dutch Republic employed the Biestkensbijbel since 1560, but there was a need for a proper Dutch translation of the Luther Bible (written in High German ...
When the scriptural studies appropriate to the student have been completed, and he has received blessings of his Guru, let him enter into the order of the Gṛhastha (householder). Let him pursue and obtain, by ethical ways, home, wife, and wealth, discharge to the best of his ability the duties of his life's stage.