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Democracy in Pakistan, however imperfect, has been allowed to function to varying degrees. The 2024 Pakistani general election while deeply flawed and with claimed electoral irregularities demonstrates a "continuity of an electoral process that has historically been subject to political engineering".
The 1958 Pakistani military coup was the first military coup in Pakistan that took place on 27 October 1958. It resulted in the toppling of Iskandar Ali Mirza, the president of Pakistan, by Muhammad Ayub Khan, the commander-in-chief of the Pakistan Army. On 7 October, Mirza abrogated the Constitution of Pakistan and declared martial law. There ...
After the indecisive war of 1965 with India, Pakistani people began to accuse Field Marshal Ayub Khan of betraying the cause of Kashmir. Months after the war, Munir Ahmad Khan, a nuclear engineer at IAEA's Reactor Division, met Bhutto where he notified Bhutto with rapid development of Indian nuclear programme.
In the early months of 1968, Ayub Khan celebrated what was called the "Decade of Development", but outraged citizens erupted in protest. In response to the "Decade of Development" in the early weeks of October 1968 the National Students Federation, associated with the Maoist faction of the Communist Party of West Pakistan, started holding "Demands Week" protests and a campaign to expose the so ...
Tareekh-i-Pakistan, from 1707 to 1988 (History of Pakistan 1707-1988), Lahore: Majeed Book Depot, 1993. Also translated in Urdu: Jamhoriyat aur Tarz-i-Hukamrani, Lahore: South Asia Partnership, 2009. (Co-edited), Critical Perspectives on Social Sciences in Pakistan.
Statesmen of the early decades of Pakistan, with Pakistan’s founding father and future Governor-General, Muhammad Ali Jinnah in the centre of the bottom row. Three future Prime ministers can also be seen with Khawaja Nazimuddin to Jinnah’s left, I.I. Chundrigar on the rightmost of the middle row, and Liaquat Ali Khan on Chundrigar’s left.
Fareed Zakaria wrote a positive review of the book in The New York Times, stating: "It is a book of enormous intelligence, courage and clarity. It contains the best-written and most persuasive modern interpretation of Islam I have read. Part of what makes it compelling, of course, is the identity of its author." [5] Nancy Pelosi praised the book:
In 1958, Ayub Khan assumed power in Pakistan, asserting that Western-style constitutions were unsuitable for developing countries. [3] He banned political parties, blaming them for political instability, and introduced a system of basic democracy in 1960 to balance authoritarian rule with democratic principles.