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Inverted minors refers to a treatment introduced by the Kaplan–Sheinwold (K–S) bidding system for the popular card game bridge. The original structure of Precision, another bidding system, also employed inverted minors over a 1 ♦ opening. However, the treatment is no longer restricted to users of these bidding systems.
This is a list of bidding systems used in contract bridge. [1] [2] Systems listed have either had an historical impact on the development of bidding in the game or have been or are currently being used at the national or international levels of competition. Bidding systems are characterized as belonging to one of two broadly defined categories:
The system was definitively described in their 1958 book How to Play Winning Bridge and later revised and retitled to The Kaplan-Sheinwold System of Winning Bridge in 1963. [1] Kaplan–Sheinwold and the Roth-Stone system were the two most influential challengers to Standard American bidding in the US in the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s.
2 ♣ shows diamonds or a major-minor two suiter. Responder transfers to 2 ♦ which is either passed or advanced (diamond suit) or a major is bid (2 suiter, unspecified minor) 2 ♦ is a transfer to hearts; 2 ♥ shows both majors (responder may pass or correct to 2 ♠) 2 ♠ shows spades (natural bid) 2NT is a transfer to clubs
(With the opposition opening 1NT it is unlikely you would want to go beyond 3NT if the Cappelletti suit is a minor). In this scenario, a Cappelletti bid from Intervener of, for example, overcall 2 ♥ shows Advancer that partner has 9-14 HCP in a hearts suit and also another undisclosed 4 card minor suit.
card reading, also known as counting the hand; dummy reversal; endplay; coups; squeezes; suit combinations play; safety play; applying the principle of restricted choice; applying the theory of vacant places; applying percentages and probabilities
The difference in percentages is so close (the Bridge Encyclopedia states that the finesse is a 50% probability of success holding 8 cards, while the drop has a 53% holding 9 cards) that the slightest inference might influence a player to choose to finesse or to drop with nine cards.
In contract bridge and particularly in duplicate bridge a convention card is a summary of the conventions and treatments that a particular pair is using. [1] The Laws of Duplicate Bridge specify that "Each partnership has a duty to make available its partnership understandings to opponents before commencing play against them." [2]