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During the American Indian Wars, indigenous peoples and European colonists alike frequently became captives of hostile parties. Depending on the specific instances in which they were captured, they could either be held as prisoners of war , abducted as a means of hostage diplomacy , used as countervalue targets, enslaved , or apprehended for ...
Slaves in Indian Territory across the United States were used for many purposes, from work in the plantations of the East, to guides across the wilderness, to work in deserts of the West, or as soldiers in wars. Native American slaves suffered from European diseases and inhumane treatment, and many died while in captivity. [32]
Colonial Militia volunteers and Indian allies under Colonel James Moore attacked Ft. Neoheroka, the main stronghold of the Tuscarora Indians. 200 Tuscaroras were burned to death in the village and 170 more were killed outside the fort while more than 400 were taken to South Carolina and sold into slavery. 900–1,000 were killed or captured in ...
Mary Campbell (later Mary Campbell Willford) was an American colonial settler who was known for her abduction by Native Americans during the French and Indian War being the first white child to travel to the Western Reserve. Born in 1747 or 1748, Campbell was taken captive by the Lenape tribe at the age of ten in 1758.
"The Indians Delivering Up the English Captives to Colonel Bouquet". by Benjamin West (1738-1820) After the French and Indian War ended in 1763 with British victory, the Lenape were among a number of Native American tribes who were dissatisfied with British postwar policies and with settlers continuing to move into the Ohio Country in violation ...
Native Americans enslaved members of their own and other tribes, usually as a result of taking captives in raids and warfare, both before and after Europeans arrived. This practice continued into the 1800s. In some cases, especially for young women or children, Native American families adopted captives to replace members they had lost.
By 1715 the Native American slave population in the Carolina colony was estimated at 1,850. [11] Prior to 1720, when it ended the Native American slave trade, Carolina exported as many or more Native American slaves than it imported Africans. [3] [4] [5] This trade system involved the Westo tribe, who had previously come down from further north.
By the 18th century, the holding of Africans in slavery by and with Native Americans became substantial in colonial America; [17] furthermore, indigenous Indians created well-structured networks to trade black slaves among themselves and with the colonists. [18] Native Americans and Africans had many interactions as parallel oppressed ...