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Tissue transglutaminase (abbreviated as tTG or TG2) is a 78-kDa, calcium-dependent enzyme (EC 2.3.2.13) of the protein-glutamine γ-glutamyltransferases family (or simply transglutaminase family).
The endomysium contains a form of transglutaminase called "tissue transglutaminase" or "tTG" for short, and antibodies that bind to this form of transglutaminase are called endomysial autoantibodies (EmA). [6] The antiendomysial antibody test is a histological assay for patient serum binding to esophageal tissue from primate.
It is hypothesized that tissue transglutaminase may be involved in the formation of the protein aggregates that causes Huntington's disease, although it is most likely not required. [2] [12] Mutations in keratinocyte transglutaminase are implicated in lamellar ichthyosis.
The crosslinking of gliadin with tissue transglutaminase leads to the production of anti-transglutaminase antibodies, but this is mediated through T-cell recognition of gliadin. The allergic recognition of gliadin by mast cells, eosinophiles in the presence of IgE has notable direct consequences, such as exercise-induced anaphylaxis .
241636 Ensembl ENSG00000166948 ENSMUSG00000027403 UniProt O95932 n/a RefSeq (mRNA) NM_198994 NM_001254734 NM_001289747 NM_001289748 NM_001289749 NM_177726 RefSeq (protein) NP_001241663 NP_945345 n/a Location (UCSC) Chr 20: 2.38 – 2.43 Mb Chr 2: 129.95 – 130 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Transglutaminase 6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TGM6 gene ...
These alleles can stimulate a T cell, mediated immune response against tissue transglutaminase (TTG), an enzyme in the extracellular matrix, leading to inflammation of the intestinal mucosa and eventually villous atrophy of the small intestine. [14] This is where the innate and adaptive immune response systems collide.
Exercise may also help reverse aging by reducing fat buildup in muscle tissue, found a study conducted both in mouse models and in humans, whose results appeared in Nature Aging in April 2024.
Factor XIII is a transglutaminase that circulates in human blood as a heterotetramer of two A and two B subunits. Factor XIII binds to the clot via their B units. In the presence of fibrins, thrombin efficiently cleaves the R37–G38 peptide bond of each A unit within a XIII tetramer.
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