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A finial (from Latin: finis, end) [1] or hip-knob is an element marking the top or end of some object, often formed to be a decorative feature. [ 2 ] In architecture, it is a small decorative device, employed to emphasize the apex of a dome , spire , tower , roof, or gable or any of various distinctive ornaments at the top, end, or corner of a ...
A kalasha (Sanskrit: कलश, romanized: kalaśa) is a finial, generally in the form of metal or stone spire, used to top the domes of Hindu temples. [2] Kalashas as architectural feature has been used at least before the first millennium BCE and were made of terracotta and wood during this early period.
The finials consist of a central shaft surrounded by two leaf wreaths of different sizes. They date from the last construction phase of Cologne Cathedral around 1880, although the plans still go back to master builder Ernst Friedrich Zwirner († 1861), who based his plans on the original, medieval façade plan F.
Rhenish helm: This is a four-sided tower topped with a pyramidal roof. each of the four sides of the roof is rhomboid in form, with the long diagonal running from the apex of roof to one of the corners of the supporting tower; each side of the tower is thus topped with a gable from whose peak a ridge runs to the apex of the roof. Broach spires ...
Cross hipped: The result of joining two or more hip roof sections together, forming a T or L shape for the simplest forms, or any number of more complex shapes. Satari: A Swedish variant on the monitor roof; a double hip roof with a short vertical wall usually with small windows, popular from the 17th century on formal buildings.
Structural – the pinnacles were very heavy and often rectified with lead, in order to enable the flying buttresses to contain the stress of the structure vaults and roof. This was done by adding compressive stress (a result of the pinnacle weight) to the thrust vector and thus shifting it downwards rather than sideways.
Chigi may be built directly into the roof as part of the structure, or simply attached and crossed over the gable as an ornament. The former method is believed to closer resemble its original design, and is still used in older building methods such as shinmei-zukuri , kasuga-zukuri , and taisha-zukuri .
House with Dutch gable roof in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. A Dutch gable roof or gablet roof (in Britain) is a roof with a small gable at the top of a hip roof. The term Dutch gable is also used to mean a gable with parapets. Some sources refer to this as a gable-on-hip roof. [1] Dutch gable roof works of Padmanabhapuram Palace in India
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