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They are given by injection. [2] Common side effects may include joint pain, rash, vomiting, and headache. [4] Serious side effects may include heart attacks, stroke, increased cancer growth, or pure red cell aplasia. [2] It is unclear if use is safe during pregnancy. [5] [6] They work similar to naturally occurring erythropoietin. [1]
Duplicated ureter or duplex collecting system is a congenital condition in which the ureteric bud, the embryological origin of the ureter, splits (or arises twice), resulting in two ureters draining a single kidney. It is the most common renal abnormality, occurring in approximately 1% of the population.
It is used when the kidneys are not working well, which is called kidney failure and includes acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease. Renal replacement therapy includes dialysis (hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis), hemofiltration, and hemodiafiltration, which are various ways of filtration of blood with or without machines.
Then, urine from the kidney is aspirated and check for its contents. If the urine is clear, dye will be injected to delineate the renal pelvis and renal calyx. If the urine is turbid, it means the urine is infected. Dye injection is avoided in case of turbid urine to prevent the spread of infection to other parts of the urinary system. [5]
There is a kidney stone in the pyelum of the lower pole of the kidney (higher red arrow) and one in the ureter beside the stent (lower red arrow). Ureteral stents are used to ensure the openness of a ureter, which may be compromised, for example, by a kidney stone or a procedure. This method is sometimes used as a temporary measure, to prevent ...
Few desserts command attention quite like a red velvet cake. Layers of bold red, likened to velvet because of the cake’s signature light and tender crumb, accented by stark white icing—of ...
Christian and Alexis break down Manchester City’s loss to Liverpool. They also react to Christian Pulisic’s continued hot streak and what it may means for the American’s future. Then ...
“Sometimes in the immediate aftermath of a loss, there can be feelings of sadness, depression, anxiety, and anger,” says NYU Langone psychiatrist Marra G. Ackerman, MD, who specializes in ...
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