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The largest and most significant part of the diencephalon is the thalamus, which is an ovoid gray matter structure that relays information from the cortex to the rest of the nervous system and vice versa.
The diencephalon is composed primarily of the thalamus, hypothalamus and epithalamus, which together define the walls of the third ventricle. The thalami are two elongated, ovoid structures on either side of the midline that make contact in the middle.
The diencephalon is the region of the embryonic vertebrate neural tube that gives rise to anterior forebrain structures including the thalamus, hypothalamus, posterior portion of the pituitary gland, and the pineal gland. The diencephalon encloses a cavity called the third ventricle.
The diencephalon has a central location within the human brain sitting just above the brain stem. It is divided into four main structures—the thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus, and subthalamus.
The thalamus is a paired gray matter structure of the diencephalon located near the center of the brain. It is above the midbrain or mesencephalon, allowing for nerve fiber connections to the cerebral cortex in all directions — each thalamus connects to the other via the interthalamic adhesion.
The diencephalon is composed of the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus and defines the walls of the third ventricle. The brainstem comprises three regions: the midbrain, the pons, and the medulla.
Distinct parts of diencephalon perform numerous vital functions, from regulating wakefulness to controlling the autonomic nervous system. The diencephalon is made up of four main components: the thalamus, the subthalamus, the hypothalamus, and the epithalamus.