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Granulation tissue is the primary type of tissue that will fill in a wound that is healing by secondary intention. It is made up of macrophages, which help to remove debris and release cytokines.
The stages of wound healing proceed in an organized way and follow four processes: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation and maturation. Although the stages of wound healing are linear, wounds can progress backward or forward depending on internal and external patient conditions.
Granulation tissue is a vital component of the wound healing process, representing the proliferative phase where new tissue formation occurs. Understanding what granulation tissue is and its significance in wound healing is essential for healthcare professionals involved in wound management.
This topic reviews the mechanism of wound healing and repair, the role that granulation tissue plays in that process, the pathophysiology resulting in chronic wounds and persistent granulation tissue, and the clinical significance of granulation tissue.
Hypergranulation tissue, also known as proud flesh, is a common complication that can occur during the wound healing process. It manifests as an excessive growth of granulation tissue beyond the wound margins, often protruding above the skin surface.
There are several important steps necessary to insure proper healing. DO NOT clean THE WOUND with peroxide. Change the dressing once daily until the wound is completely healed (some wounds may require 6-8 weeks for complete healing).
As inflammatory cells undergo apoptosis, wound healing progresses to the proliferation phase, which is characterized by the formation of granulation tissue, angiogenesis (blood vessel formation), wound contraction, and the process of epithelialization. The new tissue is generally red or pink in appearance due to the presence of inflammatory agents.
You may have some clear drainage from the wound. This will stop after a few days. If not, please call the office. It is a myth that wounds heal better with a scab or left open to the air. If a scab begins to form, soak the wound with diluted hydrogen peroxide and gauze for 15 minutes and gently rub it away with a Q-tip.
Granulation tissue forms in the proliferation phase of wound healing (Figure 1). Granulation comprises newly growing capillaries from the base of the wound and leads to the formation of new blood vessels (angiogenesis), which deliver nutrients and oxygen to the healing tissues (Mitchell, 2020).
Epithelial cells migrate from the wound edges to cover the wound defect. This only occurs once the wound has been filled with granulation tissue, in the context of wound healing by secondary intention. Epithelial cells require a moist, well-vascularised wound surface to migrate across the tissue.