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This timeline lists significant discoveries in physics and the laws of nature, including experimental discoveries, theoretical proposals that were confirmed experimentally, and theories that have significantly influenced current thinking in modern physics. Such discoveries are often a multi-step, multi-person process.
Timeline of the early universe – events dating from the formation of the universe; Timelines from the formation of the Earth to the rise of modern humans Timeline of natural history (13,700,000,000 BCE – 200,000 BCE) Timeline of the evolutionary history of life (4,300,000,000 BCE - present)
Einstein would later receive the Nobel Prize in Physics for this discovery, which launched the quantum revolution in physics. 1911 – Superconductivity is discovered by Heike Kamerlingh Onnes, who was studying the resistivity of solid mercury at cryogenic temperatures using the recently discovered liquid helium as a refrigerant. At the ...
Year Event 600 BCE: Ancient Greek philosopher Thales of Miletus described static electricity by rubbing fur on substances such as amber.: 1600: English scientist William Gilbert coined the word electricus after careful experiments.
Modern physics is a branch of physics that developed in the early 20th century and onward or branches greatly influenced by early 20th century physics. Notable branches of modern physics include quantum mechanics , special relativity , and general relativity .
1857 – Clausius gives a modern and compelling account of the kinetic theory of gases in his On the nature of motion called heat; 1859 – James Clerk Maxwell discovers the distribution law of molecular velocities; 1859 – Gustav Kirchhoff shows that energy emission from a black body is a function of only temperature and frequency
This timeline includes developments in subfields of condensed matter physics such as theoretical crystallography, solid-state physics, soft matter physics, mesoscopic physics, material physics, low-temperature physics, microscopic theories of magnetism in matter and optical properties of matter and metamaterials.
2000 – CERN announced quark-gluon plasma, a new phase of matter. [28]2023 – Physicists from US and China discovered a new state of matter called the chiral bose-liquid state [29]