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  2. Universal law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_law

    In law and ethics, universal law or universal principle refers to concepts of legal legitimacy actions, whereby those principles and rules for governing human beings' conduct which are most universal in their acceptability, their applicability, translation, and philosophical basis, are therefore considered to be most legitimate.

  3. Universalism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universalism

    Moral universalism (also called moral objectivism or universal morality) is the meta-ethical position that some system of ethics applies universally.That system is inclusive of all individuals, [7] regardless of culture, race, sex, religion, nationality, sexual orientation, or any other distinguishing feature. [8]

  4. Universality (philosophy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universality_(philosophy)

    In philosophy, universality or absolutism is the idea that universal facts exist and can be progressively discovered, as opposed to relativism, which asserts that all facts are relative to one's perspective. [1] [2] Absolutism and relativism have been explored at length in contemporary analytic philosophy.

  5. Kantian ethics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kantian_ethics

    While "the latter is valid for every rational being and is a 'principle according to which they ought to act[,]' a maxim 'contains the practical rule which reason determines in accordance with the conditions of the subject (often their ignorance or inclinations) and is thus the principle according to which the subject does act. ' " [17] A maxim ...

  6. Natural law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_law

    The natural law consists, for the Catholic Church, of one supreme and universal principle from which are derived all our natural moral obligations or duties. Thomas Aquinas resumes the various ideas of Catholic moral thinkers about what this principle is: since good is what primarily falls under the apprehension of the practical reason, the ...

  7. Moral universalizability - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moral_universalizability

    The general concept or principle of moral universalizability is that moral principles, maxims, norms, facts, predicates, rules, etc., are universally true; that is, if they are true as applied to some particular case (an action, person, etc.) then they are true of all other cases of this sort. Some philosophers, like Immanuel Kant, Richard Hare ...

  8. Moral universalism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moral_universalism

    Moral universalism (also called moral objectivism) is the meta-ethical position that some system of ethics, or a universal ethic, applies universally, that is, for "all similarly situated individuals", [1] regardless of culture, race, sex, religion, nationality, sexual orientation, gender identity, or any other distinguishing feature. [2]

  9. Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of moral development - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawrence_Kohlberg's_stages...

    In Stage six (universal ethical principles driven), moral reasoning is based on abstract reasoning using universal ethical principles. Laws are valid only insofar as they are grounded in justice, and a commitment to justice carries with it an obligation to disobey unjust laws.