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In chemistry, a hydroxy or hydroxyl group is a functional group with the chemical formula −OH and composed of one oxygen atom covalently bonded to one hydrogen atom. In organic chemistry , alcohols and carboxylic acids contain one or more hydroxy groups.
In an aqueous solution the hydrogen ions (H +) and hydroxide ions (OH −) are in Arrhenius balance ([H +] [OH −] = K w = 1 x 10 −14 at 298 K). Acids and bases are aqueous solutions, as part of their Arrhenius definitions. [1] An example of an Arrhenius acid is hydrogen chloride (HCl) because of its dissociation of the hydrogen ion when ...
Skeletal structural formula of Vitamin B 12.Many organic molecules are too complicated to be specified by a molecular formula.. The structural formula of a chemical compound is a graphic representation of the molecular structure (determined by structural chemistry methods), showing how the atoms are connected to one another. [1]
Silicic acid is the name given to a variety of compounds with a generic formula [SiO x (OH) 4−2x] n. [24] [25] Orthosilicic acid has been identified in very dilute aqueous solution. It is a weak acid with pK a1 = 9.84, pK a2 = 13.2 at 25 °C. It is usually written as H 4 SiO 4, but the formula Si(OH) 4 is generally accepted.
For simple molecules, a condensed (or semi-structural) formula is a type of chemical formula that may fully imply a correct structural formula. For example, ethanol may be represented by the condensed chemical formula CH 3 CH 2 OH, and dimethyl ether by the condensed formula CH 3 OCH 3.
The red and white balls represent the hydroxyl group (−OH). The three "R"s stand for carbon substituents or hydrogen atoms. [1] In chemistry, an alcohol (from Arabic al-kuḥl 'the kohl'), [2] is a type of organic compound that carries at least one hydroxyl (−OH) functional group bound to a saturated carbon atom.
Orthosilicic acid can be produced by Pd-catalyzed hydrogenolysis of tetrabenzoxysilicon: [5] Si(OCH 2 Ph) 4 + 4 H 2 → Si(OH) 4 + 4 PhCH 3. The acid was crystallized from a solution of dimethylacetamide and tetrabutylammonium chloride. As established by X-ray crystallography, the chloride anions interact with the acid via hydrogen bonds.
At 25 °C (77 °F), solutions of which the pH is less than 7 are acidic, and solutions of which the pH is greater than 7 are basic. Solutions with a pH of 7 at 25 °C are neutral (i.e. have the same concentration of H + ions as OH − ions, i.e. the same as pure water). The neutral value of the pH depends on the temperature and is lower than 7 ...