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Rhinitis medicamentosa (or RM, also known as rebound congestion) is a condition of rebound nasal congestion suspected to be brought on by extended use of topical decongestants (e.g., oxymetazoline, phenylephrine, xylometazoline, and naphazoline nasal sprays) and certain oral medications (e.g., sympathomimetic amines and various 2-imidazolines) that constrict blood vessels in the lining of the ...
Oxymetazoline, sold under the brand name Afrin among others, is a topical decongestant and vasoconstrictor medication. It is available over-the-counter as a nasal spray to treat nasal congestion and nosebleeds, as eye drops to treat eye redness due to minor irritation, and (in the United States) as a prescription topical cream to treat persistent facial redness due to rosacea in adults.
Prolonged use can lead to so-called rebound congestion, she added. Oxymetazoline, a common ingredient in over-the-counter nasal sprays including Afrin and Zicam, is also an effective alternative ...
Xylometazoline, also spelled xylomethazoline, is a medication used to reduce symptoms of nasal congestion, allergic rhinitis, and sinusitis. [2] It is used directly in the nose as a spray or drops. [3] Side effects include trouble sleeping, irritation of the nose, nausea, nosebleed (3%), period pain (10%) and headache (3%).
They work to very quickly open up nasal passages by constricting blood vessels in the lining of the nose. Prolonged use of these types of sprays can damage the delicate mucous membranes in the nose. This causes increased inflammation, an effect known as rhinitis medicamentosa or the rebound effect. Decongestant nasal sprays are advised for ...
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Coughing is a physiologic way to rid one of some of the congestion, says Amesh A. Adalja, M.D., senior scholar at the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security. Controlled cough is a mucus-clearing ...
Use of nasal decongestants (e.g., oxymetazoline) for more than three days leads to tachyphylaxis of response and rebound congestion, caused by alpha-adrenergic receptor downregulation and desensitization. The mechanism may specifically include receptor internalisation and resistance to endogenous vasoconstrictors causing worsening in symptoms ...