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Reproducibility, closely related to replicability and repeatability, is a major principle underpinning the scientific method.For the findings of a study to be reproducible means that results obtained by an experiment or an observational study or in a statistical analysis of a data set should be achieved again with a high degree of reliability when the study is replicated.
Results from The Reproducibility Project: Cancer Biology suggest most studies of the cancer research sector may not be replicable. Of 49 medical studies from 1990 to 2003 with more than 1000 citations, 92% found that the studied therapies were effective.
In engineering, science, and statistics, replication is the process of repeating a study or experiment under the same or similar conditions to support the original claim, which is crucial to confirm the accuracy of results as well as for identifying and correcting the flaws in the original experiment. [1]
The Reproducibility Project is a series of crowdsourced collaborations aiming to reproduce published scientific studies, finding high rates of results which could not be replicated. It has resulted in two major initiatives focusing on the fields of psychology [ 1 ] and cancer biology. [ 2 ]
Goodman, Fanelli and Ioannidis define method reproducibility as "the provision of enough detail about study procedures and data so the same procedures could, in theory or in actuality, be exactly repeated." [2] This acception is largely synonymous with replicability in a computational context or reproducibility in an experimental context. In ...
After 2005, research integrity has been additionally redefined through the perspective of research reproducibility and, more specifically, of the "reproducibility crisis". Studies of reproducibility suggest that there is continuum between irreproducibility, questionable research practices and scientific misconducts: "Reproducibility is not just ...
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An attribute agreement analysis is designed to simultaneously evaluate the impact of repeatability and reproducibility on accuracy. It allows the analyst to examine the responses from multiple reviewers as they look at several scenarios multiple times.