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In mathematics, a series is, roughly speaking, an addition of infinitely many terms, one after the other. [1] The study of series is a major part of calculus and its generalization, mathematical analysis. Series are used in most areas of mathematics, even for studying finite structures in combinatorics through generating functions.
A number that has the same number of digits as the number of digits in its prime factorization, including exponents but excluding exponents equal to 1. A046758: Extravagant numbers: 4, 6, 8, 9, 12, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 33, 34, 36, 38, ... A number that has fewer digits than the number of digits in its prime factorization (including ...
An infinite series of any rational function of can be reduced to a finite series of polygamma functions, by use of partial fraction decomposition, [8] as explained here. This fact can also be applied to finite series of rational functions, allowing the result to be computed in constant time even when the series contains a large number of terms.
The look-and-say sequence is also popularly known as the Morris Number Sequence, after cryptographer Robert Morris, and the puzzle "What is the next number in the sequence 1, 11, 21, 1211, 111221?" is sometimes referred to as the Cuckoo's Egg , from a description of Morris in Clifford Stoll 's book The Cuckoo's Egg .
Sequence A073502, the magic constant for n × n magic square with prime entries (regarding 1 as a prime) with smallest row sums, is an example of a sequence with offset 3, and A072171, "Number of stars of visual magnitude n." is an example of a sequence with offset −1.
This sequence of numbers of parents is the Fibonacci sequence. The number of ancestors at each level, F n, is the number of female ancestors, which is F n−1, plus the number of male ancestors, which is F n−2. [91] [92] This is under the unrealistic assumption that the ancestors at each level are otherwise unrelated.
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The sequence also has a variety of relationships with the Fibonacci numbers, like the fact that adding any two Fibonacci numbers two terms apart in the Fibonacci sequence results in the Lucas number in between. [3] The first few Lucas numbers are 2, 1, 3, 4, 7, 11, 18, 29, 47, 76, 123, 199, 322, 521, 843, 1364, 2207, 3571, 5778, 9349, ... .