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The "synoptic problem" is the question of the specific literary relationship among the three synoptic gospels—that is, the question as to the source or sources upon which each synoptic gospel depended when it was written. The texts of the three synoptic gospels often agree very closely in wording and order, both in quotations and in narration.
This chart illustrates literary relationships among the three synoptic gospels. Items portrayed in this file depicts.
A gospel harmony is an attempt to compile the canonical gospels of the Christian New Testament into a single account. [1] This may take the form either of a single, merged narrative , or a tabular format with one column for each gospel, technically known as a synopsis , although the word harmony is often used for both.
The three synoptic gospels contain the parables of Jesus. There are a growing number of scholars who also find parables in the Gospel of John , such as the little stories of the Good Shepherd (John 10:1–5) or the childbearing woman (John 16:21).
This four-source hypothesis posits that there were at least four sources to the Gospel of Matthew and the Gospel of Luke: the Gospel of Mark, and three lost sources: Q, M, and L. (M material is represented by violet in the above chart.) Throughout the remainder of the 20th century, there were various challenges and refinements of Streeter's ...
The two-gospel hypothesis or Griesbach hypothesis is that the Gospel of Matthew was written before the Gospel of Luke, and that both were written earlier than the Gospel of Mark. [1] It is a proposed solution to the synoptic problem , which concerns the pattern of similarities and differences between the three Gospels of Matthew , Mark , and Luke .
The two-source hypothesis (or 2SH) is an explanation for the synoptic problem, the pattern of similarities and differences between the three Gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke. It posits that the Gospel of Matthew and the Gospel of Luke were based on the Gospel of Mark and a hypothetical sayings collection from the Christian oral tradition ...
The common material believed to be the Common Sayings Source can be found in the “special” material of the Synoptic Gospels. 30% (11 out of 37 units) of what is common to the Gospel of Thomas and Q Gospel has parallels in Mark. 12% (16 out of 132 units) of the Gospel of Thomas has parallels in material special to Matthew.