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Persons with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus must consume enough fluids to equal the amount of urine produced. Any underlying cause such as high blood calcium must be corrected to treat nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. The first line of treatment is hydrochlorothiazide and amiloride. [10] Patients may also consider a low-salt and low-protein diet.
Nephrogenic DI may be treated by addressing the underlying cause or by the use of a thiazide, aspirin or ibuprofen. [1] The number of new cases of diabetes insipidus each year is 3 in 100,000. [4] Central DI usually starts between the ages of 10 and 20 and occurs in males and females equally. [2] Nephrogenic DI can begin at any age. [3]
If there is no change in the water loss despite fluid deprivation, desmopressin may be administered to distinguish between the two types of diabetes insipidus which are central & nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. The time of deprivation may vary from 4 to 18 hours. [2] The serum osmolality and urine osmolality are both measured in the test.
Chlortalidone (or other thiazide medication) is a key component of treatment of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus occurs when the kidney is unable to concentrate urine because it has an inadequate response to vasopressin-dependent removal of free water from the renal tubular filtrate.
It differentiates primary polydipsia from diabetes insipidus and central diabetes insipidus from nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Diabetes insipidus is treated by restoring free water deficit, replacing the missing hormone, and addressing the underlying ailment. Desmopressin, an arginine vasopressin analog, is used to treat central diabetes ...
The use in SIADH actually relies on a side effect; demeclocycline induces nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (dehydration due to the inability to concentrate urine). [ 10 ] [ 12 ] [ 13 ] The use of demeclocycline in SIADH was first reported in 1975, [ 14 ] and, in 1978, a larger study found it to be more effective and better tolerated than lithium ...
X-linked nephrogenic diabetes insipidus type 1 [304800] V2 receptor: Xq28: XR: Hyperthermia, polyuria, polydipsia, dehydration, inability to form concentrated urine, intellectual disability if diagnosis delayed. Symptoms in infancy: Hyperosmolar plasma, dilute urine Autosomal dominant nephrogenic diabetes insipidus type 2 [192340] AQP2: 12q13 ...
Thiazides can be used to paradoxically decrease urine flow in people with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. [16] Thiazides may also be useful in treating hyponatremia (low blood sodium) in infants with central diabetes insipidus. [17]