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After the discovery of the double helix model of DNA, Crick's interests quickly turned to the biological implications of the structure. In 1953, Watson and Crick published another article in Nature which stated: "it therefore seems likely that the precise sequence of the bases is the code that carries the genetical information". [61]
DNA model built by Crick and Watson in 1953, in the Science Museum, London. In mid-March 1953, Watson and Crick deduced the double helix structure of DNA. [11] Crucial to their discovery were the experimental data collected at King's College London—mainly by Rosalind Franklin for which they did not provide proper attribution.
Watson and Crick used many aluminium templates like this one, which is the single base Adenine (A), to build a physical model of DNA in 1953. When Watson and Crick produced their double helix model of DNA, it was known that most of the specialized features of the many different life forms on Earth are made possible by proteins.
This image, along with the knowledge that Linus Pauling had proposed an incorrect structure of DNA, "mobilised" [9] Watson and Crick to restart model building. With additional information from research reports of Wilkins and Franklin, obtained via Max Perutz, Watson and Crick correctly described the double-helix structure of DNA in 1953.
Franklin told Crick and Watson that the backbones had to be on the outside. Before then, Linus Pauling, and Watson and Crick, had erroneous models with the chains inside and the bases pointing outwards. Franklin's identification of the space group for DNA crystals revealed to Crick that the two DNA strands were antiparallel. [207]
Watson is a U.S. molecular biologist, geneticist and zoologist, best known as one of the co-discoverers of the structure of DNA in 1953 with Francis Crick. In 1998, the Modern Library placed The Double Helix at number 7 on its list of the 100 best nonfiction books of the 20th century.
Watson and Crick's calculations from Gosling and Franklin's photography gave crucial parameters for the size and structure of the helix. [ 16 ] Photo 51 became a crucial data source [ 17 ] that led to the development of the DNA model and confirmed the prior postulated double helical structure of DNA, which were presented in the series of three ...
Based on the Watson-Crick model, he envisaged that the DNA itself is a direct template for protein synthesis. [18] Assuming that the four bases of DNA could produce 20 different combinations as triplets, he suggested that the different amino acids must correspond to a twenty-letter alphabet of the nucleotide sequence. [19]