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The Balkan Wars were two conflicts that took place in the Balkan states in 1912 and 1913. In the First Balkan War , the four Balkan states of Greece , Serbia , Montenegro and Bulgaria declared war upon the Ottoman Empire and defeated it, in the process stripping the Ottomans of their European provinces, leaving only Eastern Thrace under Ottoman ...
The battle took place from 28 October to 2 November 1912. The outnumbered Bulgarian forces made the Ottomans retreat to Çatalca line, 30 km from the Ottoman capital Constantinople. In terms of forces engaged it was the largest battle fought in Europe between the end of the Franco-Prussian War and the beginning of the First World War. [8]
Map showing the borders of the Balkan states before and after both Balkan Wars.. The League of the Balkans was a quadruple alliance formed by a series of bilateral treaties concluded in 1912 between the Eastern Orthodox kingdoms of Greece, Bulgaria, Serbia and Montenegro, and directed against the Ottoman Empire, [1] which still controlled much of Southeastern Europe.
It took place on 21 November 1912 at 32 miles off Bulgaria's primary port of Varna. During the course of the First Balkan War , the Ottoman Empire's supplies were dangerously limited after the battles in Kirk Kilisse and Lule Burgas and the sea route from the Romanian port Constanţa to Istanbul became vital for the Ottomans.
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace (Division of Intercourse and Education; Report of the International Commission to Inquire into the Causes and Conduct of the Balkan Wars. 1914 Author Th. Weinreb / Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
The Albanian revolt of 1912 (Albanian: Kryengritja e vitit 1912, "Uprising of 1912") was the last revolt against the Ottoman Empire's rule in Albania and lasted from January until August 1912. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The revolt ended when the Ottoman government agreed to fulfill the rebels' demands on 4 September 1912.
The Battle of Kirk Kilisse or Battle of Kirklareli [3] or Battle of Lozengrad was part of the First Balkan War between the armies of Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire.It took place on 24 October 1912, when the Bulgarian army defeated an Ottoman army in Eastern Thrace and occupied Kırklareli.
The Battle of Elli (Greek: Ναυμαχία της Έλλης, Turkish: İmroz Deniz Muharebesi) or the Battle of the Dardanelles took place near the mouth of the Dardanelles on 16 December [O.S. 3 December] 1912 as part of the First Balkan War between the fleets of the Kingdom of Greece and the Ottoman Empire.